ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL CONCEPTIONS 13 



And theological hatred of the doctrine of the spheri- Theological 

 city of the earth, and especially of the very closely connected hatred - 

 doctrine of an inhabited antipodal world, -long continued. 

 Especially fatal was the argument that an antipodal 

 race, .living on the far side of the boiling Tropic sea, must 

 be outside God's great scheme of damnation and redemp- 

 tion, that there was no place for an Australian in Heaven, 



fc/lr 



Beyond the 

 three parts of 

 the world 

 there is a 

 fourth part 

 in the South 

 across the 

 interior ocean, 

 unknown to 

 us on account 

 of the heat of 

 the sun, in 

 whose bounds 

 the Antipodes 

 are fabulously 

 said to live. 



EIGHTH-CENTURY MAP. (From Nordenskiold's Periplus.) 



in Hell, or in Purgatory, and that therefore the Australian 

 did not exist ! Even those who could not rid their minds 

 of the haunting thought that the classic arguments for 

 the sphericity of the earth had not been refuted, and 

 never could be refuted, and who felt bound to admit the 

 possibility, at least, of the existence of a world in the 



