142 



THE DISCOVERY OF AUSTRALIA 



He had, in short, made the maps of Mercator and Ortelius 

 wholly out of date. He had proved that there was good 

 Ocean way round what his chaplain calls Elizabeth's Island. 

 The Spaniards did not like the news, and Ortelius, their 

 map-maker, in his new edition of 1587, again drew Tierra 

 del Fuego as tip of a great Southern Continent blocking 

 all ways, save the Straits of Magellan, to the Pacific. But 

 the English map, published by Hakluyt in 1598, removed 

 all land South of Queen's Island. Dutch maps also showed 

 open way South of Tierra del Fuego, and in 1616 Dutch 

 seamen proved the correctness of Drake's interpretation, 

 by sailing round the island. Unhappily they named " the 

 Southernmost known land in the World," over which he had 

 grovelled, not Cape Drake, but Cape Horn. 



Then Drake sailed North up the coast of Peru, and 

 in the harbour of Valparaiso he met the very ship in which, 

 twelve years before, Don Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa 

 had sailed in the expedition which had discovered the 

 Solomons. The Spaniards fetched a bottle of wine to 

 entertain their supposed friends, and beat welcome with 

 their drums. But soon Tom Moone, carpenter, was over 

 the side laying about him, and shouting " Abaxo perro " 

 " Below, dog." Northwards the English sailed, sacking 

 towns, plundering churches, rifling the richest treasure- 

 ships, with the good-humoured insolence of God's servants 

 whom " His Majesty is pleased to refresh." Drake's 

 plan had been to return by way of some passage to be 

 discovered in the North. But, baffled by cold and " most 

 vile, thick and stinking fogs," he sheltered in a bay of Cali- 

 fornia, took possession of the land by the name of " New 

 Albion," and then, helped by captured Spanish Pilots and 

 Charts, set sail in the Spanish route for the Philippines. 

 )rake in Sixty-eight days he sailed without sight of land, touched 



sfand^and at tne P e ^ ew Group, and so came to the Philippines, and 

 ava. then to the Moluccas. Here, so at least Englishmen 



declared, he made a treaty with the King of Ternate 

 which gave England a monopoly of the spice trade. And, 

 golden as were the spoils of Spanish America, still more 

 golden seemed the hopes of the Eastern World of Spices. 



