AUSTRIALIA DEL ESP IR ITU SANTO 175 



Then all cried with loud voice " Long live the King of 

 Spain, Don Philip III., our Lord ! " There followed 

 more masses, more discharge of firearms, more rockets 

 and firewheels, and, in the midst of all this noise, all shouted 

 with almost infinite joy and many times " Long Live 

 the Faith of Christ." "Then we went to dine under the 

 shade of great tufted trees near a clear running stream." 



The city had received the name of New Jerusalem. The munici- 



The next thing to do was to provide for its government. 



The final thing, perhaps, would be to build it. Having Jerusalem. 



name is Austria "- -" cuja felice memoria de V.M., por el apellido de 

 Austria le di por nombre la Austrialia del Espiritu Santo, porque en 

 su mismo dia tome la posesion de ella " (Zaragossa, vol. ii. p. 201). 

 In a later Memorial of 1610 Quiros wrote that the King had ordered 

 him to discover land "en la parte Austrialia Incognita " (Zaragossa, 

 vol. ii. p. 217), and explained : " All this, and what more there is, 

 I have done as a loyal vassal of Your Majesty, and that Your Majesty, 

 as soon as its grandeur is understood, may add to your titles that of 

 Austrial del Espiritu Santo, for the greater glory of the same Lord, 

 who raised me and showed it me and brought me to the presence of 

 Your Majesty " (Quiros, edited by Markham, vol. ii. p. 485. Original 

 in Zaragossa, vol. ii. p. 227). It seems that the ingenious thought came 

 into his mind that, by inserting an " i " into the middle of Australia, 

 he could indicate that the new-found-land of the South was also the 

 land of the Austrian House of Spain, whose name would thus be 

 " blazoned and spread over the face of the whole world to the Glory 

 of God." 



It was a name, however, which had little chance of general acceptance. 

 Even the second of our Spanish manuscripts " wrongly emends "it to 

 Australia. And it was unthinkable that English and Dutch should 

 use a word coined to express Spanish claim to the New World in the 

 South. When Purchas translated Quiros's Memorial of 1610, he 

 meant to be a faithful translator, for in paragraph 7 he wrote down 

 Quiros's word Austrialia ; but in paragraph i he had, in carelessness 

 no doubt, written Australia ; and when he wrote the name for himself 

 it was Australia (Purchas, edition 1625, vol. iv. pp. 1422, 1423, 1432 ; 

 cf. Watson's note in Historical Records of Australia, vol. ix. p. 867). 

 Other translators sometimes wrote Austrialia (e.g. the Latin edition 

 published in Amsterdam in 1612), but more generally Australia. See 

 list of titles of English, Dutch and Latin translations in the Hakluyt 

 Society edition of Quiros, vol. i. pp. xlvi-xlvii ; e.g. " Australia the 

 Unknown," " Australia Incognita," " cui Australiae nomen est," 

 " vierde deel des Werelts, ghenaemt Australia incognita." Other 

 editions held to the old phrase Terra Australis Incognita (e.g. London 

 edition of 1617) or its equivalent (e.g. La Terra Australle in Paris edition 

 of 1617). Austrialia had not the smallest chance of survival. But 

 it is curious that Terra Australis so long held its own against the rivalry 

 of Australia. See Watson in Historical Records of Australia, vol. ix. 

 p. 369, and Scott's Flinders, chapter 30. 



