70 



THE HUM NESS OF FAliMING 



live stock than land-owning farmers do ; and this means 

 that too little manure is produced to maintain a permanent 

 soil fertility. Good schools, good churches, and good 

 roads are best built up and maintained by a settled popu- 

 lation. A tenant who is continually looking for a better 

 farm, and a landlord who is only waiting for a price to 

 sell at a profit, are neither of them likely to contribute 

 anything to the permanent uplift of the community. 



SMALL FIELDS AND TENANT FARMS. 



44. Farm Labor. The average American wages for 

 farm laborers is $16.40 per month, with board and lodg- 

 ing. The hours are long and the employment is irreg- 

 ular. The shorter hours and higher wages of the cities 

 attract men. The scarcity of suitable homes in certain 

 sections make farm labor unattractive to married men 

 with families. Immigrant laborers do not look with favor 

 upon the separation from their countrymen which results 

 from employment in the country. 



Farm labor, however, has its attractive side. Mill 

 workers, teamsters, miners, and railroad employees are 

 frequently subjected to conditions of employment that 

 endanger the body and undermine the health. Lawyers, 



