FIVE INDIRECT VALUES 



317 



we know, is the water to be depended on in times of 

 drought. 



(J) Windbreaks. A wood lot of timber trees may serve 

 the important purpose of breaking the force of the north- 

 ern blasts not only for the farm buildings but also for 

 tender crops in the field. Three rows of evergreen trees 

 planted ten feet apart each way, alternated in the adjoin- 

 ing rows, are very satisfactory for this purpose. The 

 outside row should con- 

 sist of a fast growing 

 variety, like the white 

 pine ; the tree of the 

 middle row should be a 

 medium grower, like the 

 spruces. And in the 

 inside row the slow 

 growers (cedars or arbor 

 vita)) are very suitable. 



(c) Trees help, not 

 merely to shelter from 

 the cold of winter, but 

 also, in some degree, to cool the heated air of summer. 

 The evaporation of the vast amount of water from their 

 leaves is a cooling process. 



(cT) Grame animals and insect-eating birds find a natural 

 home in a wood lot. Useful animals of this nature are 

 killed or driven away from a community more by the ax 

 or saw in felling trees than by the gun. Hunters have 

 probably done less to decrease our wild life than have the 

 woodmen. 



Any farmer out of whose life there has gone the desire 

 to hunt, fish, or ramble occasionally with boyish abandon, 

 has lost a priceless joy that neither money, position, books, 

 nor human companionship can replace. Wealthy people, 



CROSS SECTION OF OAK. 



