PHYTOLOGY. 299 



and having occasionally fruit-like ovaria, as in the 

 bamboos. 



1618. The third order consists of the Cauline grasses. 

 Here the leaves at once separate completely from the 

 shaft, which is therefore free from nodes. Nut-like cap- 

 sules, though still inclosed in glumes, also make their 

 appearance reed-grasses . 



1619. The fourth order, Floral grasses. The leaves 

 are still only radical ; the shaft is anodal ; the flowers are 

 separated into green calyx and coloured corolla, with 

 three or six stamina, and mostly with a tri-locular cap- 

 sule Juncea3, to which the Commelinacese are allied. 



1620. The fifth order, Carpal grasses. Hollow anodal 

 shafts, with scarcely spathiform, mostly broad leaves, the 

 ribs of which begin to ramify; with similar calyces 

 and corollae, and numerous capsules Seerosea, to which 

 the AlismacecB and Hydrocliaridece are related. 



1621. The highest kind of fruit attained by this class 

 is nut-like, never fleshy in character. The stalk is no- 

 where woody as in some grasses. The grasses divide, 

 as do all other orders of plants, into sixteen families. 

 (Vid. Tab. B.) 



CLASS V. 

 Liber-plants Liliacete. 



1622. The substance of the stalk is soft and succulent ; 

 its structure devoid of nodes ; the leaves are tolerably 

 free and ribbed ; calyx and corolla coloured, both being 

 perfectly formed and invariably tripartite, as is likewise 

 the capsule, which has many seeds upon its inner angle. 

 These plants are the Lilies. In the present class all parts 

 have been developed in conformity to the liber, are rich 

 in sap, and have become dense and fleshy. 



1623. The roots are mostly tubers or bulbs, contain- 

 ing a superior kind of mucilage, or aromatic principles. 

 The shaft is not hollow bat, though herbaceous, filled 

 up ; the leaves are elevated upon the stalk. One divi- 

 sion of these plants has irregular corollse with stunted 

 stamina and capsules, the latter containing mostly dust- 

 like seeds, as in the Orchideee and aromatic plants. 



