306 BIOLOGY. 



2. Male Parts. 



2294. The leaf-formation is elevated to the corolla or 

 the male parts in the plant. They are, however, only 

 the repetition of the plant upon a higher stage. Hence 

 in the animal also the male parts will be upon a higher 

 grade of position to the female. . 



2295. As the stamina surround the ovarian capsule in 

 the plant, so do animal stamina stand around the orifice 

 of the oviduct ; as penes. 



2296. In the lowest ovisacs the penes are circularly 

 disposed around the orifice ; as is exemplified by the 

 tentacles of a Polyp ; by degrees, however, they are 

 resolved, for the sake of symmetry, into two, and then 

 project upon the sides of the orifice, as in the Serpents 

 and Lizards. In the higher animals the two penes 

 coalesce into one. 



2297. This penis situated at the orifice of the oviduct 

 is the clitoris. The vagina is separated from the clitoris ; 

 but in the male organs they both combine or blend with 

 each other, and the vagina becomes the seminal canal or 

 that of the penis. 



2298. As the orifice begins to assume a male charac- 

 ter, and the external parts to be more forcibly developed 

 in the direction outwards, so, on the other hand, do the 

 internal parts recede the more, and remain simply as 

 ovaria or ovisacs, in which the ova, instead of being 

 formed as such, dissolve into pollen, mucus, or male 

 semen. These ovaria, which now secrete semen instead of 

 vitelline vesicles, are called testes. 



2299. The testes originate, while the mucous ova are 

 being reduced to primary mucus, or to infusoria. 



2300. What is male originates through an organic pro- 

 cess of decomposition or putrefaction of the ova. The 

 semen is an organic product of decomposition. 



2301. The semen must contain infusoria. A semen 

 which does not contain infusoria, is ovum-like, or femi- 

 nine. Except at the time of heat or rut, and thus when 



