580 BIOLOGY. 



Here belong the Capulidae ; all the species are marine. 

 They prefigurate the Brachiopoda. 



Fain. 5. Typical Snails, Turbinida. 



Two branchial combs, mantle devoid of a respiratory 

 groove, shell turbinated ; mostly furnished with an oper- 

 culum, and that indeed of a stony texture. Here belong 

 the Turbinidae, and Trochidae, such as the Cyclostomata, 

 Paludinae, Ampullarise, Janthinae, Neritae. Live in the 

 sea and in fresh-water. 



Fam. 6. Kracken- Snails, Buccinidts. 



Like the preceding family, but their mantle has a 

 groove, and there is a horny operculum. Here belong 

 the Conidae and Volutidae, Buccinidse, Muricidae, Strom- 

 busidae. Almost all live in the sea and are of san- 

 guisugal habits. They antetypify the Cuttle-fish. 



Sixth Class. 

 Cardiac, Nephritic Animals Kracken. 



3498. Body cylindrical, without sole or foot; fre- 

 quently venous hearts together with the arteriose hearts, 

 and a kidney-like organ. 



Such are the proper Cylindrical Snails, which are 

 either sessile or fixed, or move themselves by fins and 

 what have been called arms Sessile and Natant Kracken. 

 Here belong the Salpae, Cirripedia, Brachiopoda, Ptero- 

 poda, Heteropoda, and Cephalopoda. They all live in 

 the sea. 



Branchiae and sexual relations very varied. 



They divide likewise into two orders, in accordance 

 with the two circles of Mucus-animals and Conchozoa ; 

 the former are spathiform, mostly gelatinous, and firmly 

 sessile or fixed ; androgynous, without head and rudders 

 or fins. The branchiae trellis-like and filiform Ascidiae, 

 Cirripedia and Brachiopoda. 



The others have a kind of head with arms and eyes, 

 or fin -shaped steerage-organs upon the body ; branchiae 

 pectiniform, reticular, and leaf-shaped Pteropoda, Hete- 

 ropoda, and Cephalopoda, 



