GOO BIOLOGY. 



Fam. 2. Ilymenopteroid Diptera, Dasseln. 



Antennae as in preceding family, but the bisetaceous 

 proboscis is thin and horny, with small labia, or else 

 large labia with four setae (Estridae, Conopidae, and 

 Syrphidae, 



Alliance 4. Parasitic Diptera. Two setae with or 

 without a lipless proboscis (Estridae, Myopariae, and 

 Conopidae. 



Alliance 5. Syrpldda. Four setae within a similar kind 

 of proboscis ; the third joint of the antennae spatulate ; 

 the palpi thickened. 



Alliance 6. Leptidce. Four setae within a short thick- 

 lipped proboscis, the third antennal joint mostly coni- 

 form Therexidae, Leptidae, and Dolichopidae. 



Fam. 3. Lepidopteroid Diptera, Golsen. 



Antennae multiarticulate and stipiform ; proboscis with 

 and without labia, mostly four and six setae for punctua- 

 tion Tipulidae, Tanystomidae, Stratiomydae, Tabanidae. 



Alliance 7. Gnats. Antennae filamentary and multi- 

 articular. Proboscis varied. 



Alliance 8. Spiessmucken. Four setae within a hastate 

 horny proboscis with or without arrested labia; third 

 antennal joint not annulated, with the bristle or awn at 

 the extremity Tanystomidae, as Asilidae, Empidae, 

 Bombylidae. 



Alliance 9. Stielmucken. Four or six setae within a 

 thick-lipped proboscis ; third antennal joint stipiform and 

 annulated Stratiomydae and Tabanidae. 



Order 2. Leech-flies Hymenopter a. 



3520. Four naked veined wings, labium mostly elon- 

 gated, the two pairs of maxillae acting above it like 

 spears. Larvae mostly apodal, or with more abdominal 

 feet or prolegs than in the true Caterpillars. 



Most of the larvae still bear a great resemblance to 

 the Entozoa, though they do not respire like them 

 through the anus, but by lateral apertures or spiracula ; 

 the larvae with abdominal feet repeat the Nereidae and 

 Aselli. In other respects they live no longer in putrid 



