ZOOLOGY. 601 



moisture, fungi, roots, and such like bodies, but in living 

 animals or in cavities specially prepared for their reception 

 by the parents, and even in a state of freedom upon 

 leaves. 



And here is particularly worthy of our notice the 

 structure of the cells, which are by many species fabri- 

 cated quite substantially of wax or wood-shavings, and 

 are to be compared with the webs of Spiders, since both 

 serve as nests for the young. They repeat the Poly- 

 pidoms. 



Others make cases of leaves, and carry into them honey 

 upon which to deposit their ova. 



Others again simply bore holes in wood or in the 

 earth, in order that they may in a similar manner provide 

 their young with honey or larvae. Finally, others simply 

 stick, by means of their ovipositor, the ova into animals 

 or leaves. 



The dwellings are fabricated by the maxillae, which 

 but seldom serve as cibarial instruments, seeing that the 

 labium undertakes this office as a lick-organ. 



Another remarkable feature of this order is the arrested 

 development of the sexual parts of the females in certain 

 generations, an occurrence which depends upon the time 

 of the year or the size of the cells, and whereby they are 

 constrained to lead a social life as workers. 



They divide, according to the Red-blooded Worms or 

 the orders of their cohort, into three families. 



Fam. 1 . Dipteroid Hymenoptera, Sees. 



Abdomen aculeate ; labium elongated in a rostriform 

 manner. They dig or build cells, and carry thither honey 

 to the larvae, which are apodal. 



Alliance 1. Fossorial Bees Andrenidse. 



2. Carpenter-Bees Anthopkoridse. 



3. Cell-Bees Apidae. 



Fam. 2. Typical Hymenopiera, Wasps. 



Aculeate; labium not elongated rapacious Hymen- 

 optera, such as Ants, Fossorial, and Cell-wasps, larvae 

 apodal. 



