14 PRIZE ESSAY: 



over areas occupying many thousand square miles. Dr. Fitch, 

 State Entomologist of New York, says that three of these broods 

 exist partly within the boundaries of the State, and there ap- 

 pear to be six other broods in different parts of the United 

 States. 



14. One brood inhabits the valley of the Hudson River. Its 

 last appearance was in 1843, and it will appear again in 1860. 

 A second brood is found in Western New York, Western Penn- 

 sylvania and Eastern Ohio. It appeared in 1849, and it is very 

 probable that the outskirts of the brood extend into Canada. 

 It may be looked for again in 1866. The third brood, which 

 came forth in 1855, extends from the Atlantic to the Ohio, and 

 into Canada ; several individuals of this brood are said to have 

 been taken near Toronto in that year, and it is quite certain that 

 the loud note of a cicada was heard repeatedly in the woods 

 west of the city in July of that year. Dr. Fitch, quoting a 

 letter from Mr. Robinson, dated Pallchassie, May 24th, says, 

 " I have heard the seventeen year locusts for ten days past, but 

 they are not plenty here. At Park Hill, however, twenty-five 

 miles south of this, in the Cherokee country, they are very 

 numerous, and in these hungry times, occasioned by the severe 

 drought of last year and this spring, the people (Indians) are 

 glad to gather and eat them." 



15. The great Pennsylvania brood before noticed reached from 

 that State to Georgia ; another or fifth brood extends from 

 Western Pennsylvania through the valley of the Ohio River, and 

 down that of the Mississippi to Louisiana; it appeared in 1846 

 and will, therefore, make its re-appearance in 1863. A sixth 

 brood assumed the fly state in 1854 around the head of Lake 

 Michigan, and across Northern Illinois into Iowa. Other and 

 minor broods are recorded to have made their appearance in 

 different parts of the Union, but Dr. Fitch thinks that some of 



