34 PRIZE ESSAY : 



3. Aphis Maculella, the little spotted winged Aphis. 



4. Aphis Fumipennella, the little smoky winged Aphis. 



5. Aphis Marginella, the little black margined Aphis. 



6. Aphis Cerasi, the little cherry plant louse ; very destruc- 

 tive to the cherry tree. Dr. Fitch calculated that on some small 

 cherry trees which he examined, ten feet high, not less than 

 twelve millions of these creatures were on each tree. 



7. Aphis Cerasifoliae, the cherry leaf plant louse ; found on 

 the choke cherry. 



8. Aphis Cerasicoldus, found on the common black cherry. 



9. Pemphigus Caryaecaulis, the hickory-gall Aphis. 



10. Aphis Maidis, the maize Aphis. 



11. Aphis Mali, the apple plant louse. 



12. Aphis Malifoliae, the apple leaf louse. 



13. Aphis Prunifoliee, the plum leaf louse. 



In this order the Mandibles and Maxillae are replaced by a 

 sheath and sucker. 



ORDER VIII. 

 Lepidoptera. (Lepis, a scale ; ptera, wings.) 



54. Butterflies, Moths, &c. This order comprehends the 

 most beautiful and richly ornamented individuals of the insect 

 world. In the caterpillar state they are exceedingly voracious, 

 feeding upon vegetables, hair, wool, &c., and not unfrequently 

 causing serious apprehension on account of their numbers and 

 ravages. In the perfect state they feed upon the nectar or 

 liquids of flowers, and it is stated that some species do not re- 

 quire food in the adult state. Among the destructive insects be- 

 longing to this order, we find the Tinea Granella, whose larvae 

 feed upon stored grain ; the Gallerea Cereana, living in bee- 

 hives ; the Carpocapsa Pomonella, whose larvae feeds upon and 

 lives in apples, hence called the apple worm. Others eat the 



