70 PRIZE ESSAY: 



to follow it again with wheat, and consequently turned it over 

 pretty soon after. About the first of September he commenced 

 cross-ploughing, and when about half the field was finished, the 

 other half looked in such good order that he omitted ploughing 

 it, and sowed his wheat. The next summer the grain was so de- 

 stroyed on the part twice ploughed, that he did not harvest it, 

 while the other was a full average crop. 



" The rationale is plain ; the insect, when in the worm state, was 

 ploughed under with the stubble, and on that part twice ploughed 

 was brought up again, hatched out, and attached their eggs to 

 the young wheat while in that part but once ploughed they 

 were buried beyond their power of getting to the surface, and 

 w r ere destroyed." 



In 1851 Mr. John Delafield, in a general view and agricultu- 

 ral survey of the County of Seneca, N. Y., taken under the di- 

 rection of the New York State Agricultural Society, tells us that 

 the Hessian fly has ceased to be a formidable enemy there, pro- 

 bably for two reasons ; " first, the period of sowing the seed 

 grain has been retarded until a period too late to offer a nidus to 

 the fly ; and second, the soil is better prepared by due fertility, 

 to give the plant vigour to resist the influence of the larvae." 



123. The remedial measures w r hich have been enumerated, 

 either imply the presence of the Hessian fly in destructive abun- 

 dance, or contemplate invasions from neighboring districts. They 

 may be thus briefly summed up for winter wheat : 



1st. Have your soil in good heart and order. 

 2nd. Drain as much as is consistent with true economy in Ca- 

 nada, and plough deep. 



3rd. Sow Lite an approved flinty stemmed variety, and an early 

 ripener. 



4th. Prepare the seed for rapid germination and growth by 



