NEW BRUNSWICK FORESTRY CONVENTION 101 



to be combined in the beaters, which incorporate the fibres in the most com- 

 plete manner. From the beaters the pu]p then passes to the Fourdrinier 



PAPER MACHINE, FROM THE WET END 



^machine, which distributes the fibres evenly upon a carrier. This latter is in 

 PAPER MACHINE, FROM THE FRONT 



the form of a broad sheet, which conveys the pulp between a series of 

 great rolls, from the last of which it emerges in the well-known form. Here, 

 however, it is made up into great rolls of paper, which are at once weighed, 

 wrapped, marked, and shipped to their destination. 



In addition to what may be termed the normal products of the mill 

 there are certain important by-products which are enveloped as a feature of, 

 the economical working of the material constantly coming to hand from the 

 forest. Thus there is a very considerable output of cedar shingles, while all 

 the pine logs are converted into lumber to the extent of 25,000.000 feet per 

 year. 



Apart from these last terms, it is of interest to note the disposition of 

 the products. Of the 70 tons of newspaper produced daily, 1-3 goes to 

 trie Canadian market, while the balance goes to Great Britain a portion 

 eventually finding its way to Australia. The output of cardboard finds 

 essentially the same distribution, \vhile the pulps 1 - 2 to the United States, 

 1-4 to Canada and 1-4 to Great Britain. 



It is impossible to discuss so important and extensive an industry as 

 this, without having reference to the possible effect which it must have upon 

 the forests, and its tendency to final exhaustion of the supply of raw mate- 

 rial. We are all familiar with the frequently-recurring statements that the 

 forests of Europe are in great danger of extinction, and that certain kinds of 

 lumber, among which we may reckon the woods used in the manufacture of 

 pulp, are becoming continually more scarce ; and that if the present methods 

 of lumbering are continued, there will shortly be an actual dearth of the 

 necessary raw material, which must be obtained either by the use of substi- 

 tutes, or by turning to those countries where the conditions are more favor- 

 able. In the United States the same warning note is raised with respect to 

 'the conservation of the forest supplies, and already there is a well - defined 



