NEW BRUNSWICK FORESTRY CONVENTION 161 



this subject, as well as all others and the lavish outlays which would be 

 required if scientific Forestry were to be practiced on a large scale would 

 hardly be warranted. Please bear in mind that my above suggestions apply 

 to the idea of adopting such methods as France and Germany are at present 

 following, where even the smallest twig or limb has a value ; but allow me to 

 add that I do think it advisable, both for the individual and particularly 

 for governments, to adopt certain Forestry regulations, which shall be great 

 modifications of the scientific methods. 



Briefly, I will indicate a few of these ideas. First, it should be compul- 

 sory for all wild land owners, as well as lessees of w-ild lands, that seventy- 

 five per cent, or -more of the trees should be felled by saws rather than axes, 

 and that the stumps should be cut as low as the swell of the roots will allow. 

 This means that, on an average, a foot and a half in length of each tree, of 

 the very best quality and sized wood in the tree, will be saved from what 

 would result if the tree was felled with axes. A brief calculation will show 

 what this amounts to. For instance, suppose that any lumberman should 

 cut 100,000 trees annually, which is not a large cut of lumber. If only one 

 foot was saved on the butt of each of these trees, of the average size of those 

 cat in the Province of New Brunswick for mill purposes, the saving would 

 b3, at least, one half million feet; and this lumber would cost actually 

 nothing to save. In fact, the expense of felling with saws is even less than 

 felling with axes. When once felled, it is the duty of every lumberman to 

 take all of the lumber cut that can be made valuable for any purpose what- 

 soever. In other words, the small trees cut in making yards, roads and 

 landings, as well as the tops of the trees, where saw-logs have been taken 

 down to quite a small size at the top, should ' be driven to the mills and 

 manufactured into low grade lumber. This wood all has a value at the 

 present time, although it was but a few years ago that the forest was con- 

 sidered the enemy of civilization in this country, and it was commendable 

 at any and all times, to destroy lumber for the sake of creating farm terri- 

 tory. One feature of lumbering that I note is quite generally practiced in 

 New Brunswick, and which is very commendable, is this : I njfer to the idea 

 of yarding and handling trees to the main roads very largely by means of 

 one horse" It was but a few years ago that in the regions where I am most 

 familiar, it was very common to yard logs with sleds, using two horses. This 

 required very much more swamping and the destruction of small, or baby 

 growth, by the method referred to. This idea, it seems to me, should be 

 embraced in all contracts, viz., forbidding going to the stump with two sleds, 

 and making it compulsory to do the yarding almost entirely with one horse 



