CANADIAN FORESTRY ASSOCIATION 113 



It is quite possible to grow in our own nurseries two year old seedlings 

 for one dollar and fifty cents per thousand and three year old transplants 

 for three dollars and fifty cents per thousand. 



It will be preferable to use native grown plants in future work, and 

 the cost can be brought below the above figures. It would be a conservative 

 estimate to place the cost of plant material for the average conditions at 

 five dollars per acre. 



COST or PLANTING. Cost of planting depends upon quality of labour and 

 nature of soil to be planted. By specing the plants about five feet apart 

 in lighty, sandy soil, it might be possible for two men to plant an acre per 

 day. In rough conditions with uneven surface and considerable obstruc- 

 tion the labour might easily be trebled. For such soil as exists in the 

 waste areas previously described, five dollars per acre wuold be a safe figure 

 for labour in planting. 



COST or MANAGEMENT AND PEOTECTION. Cost of management and protec- 

 tion forms one of the large items to be charged against a forest crop. 



It is quite possible for one man to patrol from 5,000 to 20,000 or even 

 more acres of forest land, depending upon topography and other local con- 

 ditions. The larger the area which can be patrolled by one man, the smaller 

 the acreage cost. If one man has to spend his time protecting 500 acres 

 of forest land it would make the acreage cost very high and would prob- 

 ably make the proposition a bad investment. 



Owing to the problem of patrol it can be readily understood that the 

 state or other corporation could riot deal with small, detached areas. This 

 question, of the difficulty of protecting small detached areas, usually makes 

 it inadvisable for private persons to undertaken forestry as a separate invest- 

 ment, especially where the tract is a long distance from the owner's resi- 

 dence. 



The annual cost of forest administration and protection in Germany 

 varies from twenty-two cents to sixtv five cents per acre. Owing to a more 

 scattered population and other factors our acreage cost will be much smaller. 

 Some estimates have placed this at fifteen cents per acre which is probably 

 conservative enough for the present consideration. 



TAXATION. Provincial or "crown lands" in Ontario are exempt, at 

 present, from taxation so that in government management of forest lands 

 it is not entirely necessary to discuss this question. Waste lands, as 

 described in previous pages, are situated in organized communities and 

 certain existing roads will necessarily have to be maintained. These roads 

 will act as splendid fire lines and part of their maintenance should be 

 charged to protection. 



For the present discussion a tax will be charged against the forest 

 crop. I will use the township or municipal rate which is imposed for all 

 purposes, including schools. In 1907 this rate was 17 mills on the dollar. 



