Review of Sheep Growing in the United States. 12 



"In the activities of the last century sheep raising reached its 

 >remacy in the East of the United States. The census of 1848 

 >hows New York 5,119,000, Ohio 2,028,000, Pennsylvania 1,768,000, 

 ;rmont 1,682,000, Virginia 1,294,000, and Kentucky 1,008,000. The 

 iep in these six states represented about 66.7 per cent of all the sheep 

 the country. During the decade ending 1840, the sheep industry 

 rospered both because of the flourishing condition of domestic manu- 

 facture and the absence of any serious foreign competition. By 1860, 



Fig. 3. A Shropshire ram. 



shown by the census of that year, the number of sheep in Vermont, 

 New York, and the Eastern states had begun to decline, while on the 

 contrary, the number in the middle western states showed an increase. 

 For that year Ohio reported 3,547,000, and Michigan 1,275,000. The 

 whole number of sheep in the country increased between 1840 and 

 1860 only about 3,000,000. After the Civil War the wools from Aus- 

 tralasia and the River Platte began to come into competition with do- 

 mestic wools, and along with this competition came the tariff rates of 

 1867 to protect the domestic grower. The most dominant influence 

 in the wool-growing industry of the United States after the war was 



12 Vol. 1, page 195, Report of Tariff Board, 1912. 



9 



