accomplish this .broken ear corn and uncut roughage were used, with 

 the exception of the stover which was shredded. 



ANIMALS IN THE TEST: The steers used in this experiment 

 were Hereford and Shorthorn grades purchased December, 1905, 

 at the Union Stock Yards in Chicago, through Alexander, Ward & 

 Conover, at $4 per cwt. They were selected with the view of secur- 

 ing uniformity, although it was impossible at the time to get the 

 quality and weight desired. The cattle were purchased at a time 

 when "feeders" were scarce and in strong demand. This condition 

 of the market made it impossible to buy the cattle for what they were 

 really worth. The cattle were shipped to the University farm where 

 they were held for two weeks on a preliminary feed consisting of 

 corn stover and oat straw for roughage, and a small allowance of 

 ear corn. At the end of this time they were separated into three lots 

 as nearly equal as possible in age, weight, quality, condition and 

 breeding. 



SHELTER, FEED LOTS AND WATER SUPPLY: The lots in which 

 the cattle were fed were 40^x50', with an open shed 1 2^40' on the 

 west side of each lot. As it was necessary to feed in the lots they were 

 built up with cinders and gravel and sloped away from the sheds, 

 thus affording surface drainage. These lots were much drier than 

 the average feed lot, although at one time the mud in them was about 

 four inches deep. No bedding was used in the lots, though the 

 sheds were kept well bedded at all times. The water was supplied 

 in galvanized iron tanks set in the end of the lots opposite the sheds. 

 These tanks were protected by a layer of 4 to 5 inches of manure, 

 outside of which was a wooden jacket i" thick. The tanks were pro- 

 vided with covers, wnich were kept open except the night before the 

 steers were weighed and during extremely cold weather. Ice rarely 

 formed in the tanks, but in case it did, it was removed each morning. 



WEIGHING: The steers were each numbered by means of a tag 

 fastened on a strap around the neck. They were all weighed in- 

 dividually and by lots, before watering three mornings in succession, 

 at the beginning and the close of the experiment, in order to over- 

 come variation in fill and to obtain average weights. While the ex- 

 periment was in progress each lot of steers was weighed every ten 

 days in order to keep a record of the rate of gain and the feed con- 

 sumed by ten day periods. In addition to this, all the steers were 

 weighed individually every thirty days. The hogs were given num- 

 bers on tags and weighed individually at the beginning and close of 

 the experiment, and by lots every ten days. 



METHOD OF FEEDING: The feed was weighed out twice daily, 

 the steers being fed grain in troughs in the open yards at six-thirty 

 a. m. and five-thirty p. m. Roughage was fed after the grain in the 



