One of the first shipments of cattle by rail from Kentucky to 

 eastern markets, made in 1852, is described by the shipper as fol- 

 lows : "One week was consumed in driving- the cattle, 100 in num- 

 ber, from the neighborhood of Lexington, Kentucky, to Cincinnati. 

 Here they were loaded in box cars and shipped by rail to Cleveland, 

 whence they were taken by steamboat to Buffalo. After a stay of 

 several days at Buffalo, the animals were driven to Canandaigua, 

 Xew York ; thence were hauled in immigrant cars to Albany, where 

 they were unloaded in the freight house. After spending two days 

 in a feed yard near Albany, the stock was taken by boat to New 

 York. The freight on these cattle from Cincinnati to Buffalo was 

 at the rate of $120 per car and the total expense from Kentucky to 

 Xew York was $14 per head." About 1855 shipments by rail were 

 made from Indiana to Xew York, and in the same year began the 

 shipment of cattle from Chicago. The westward extension of rail- 

 roads during the next decade resulted in a proportionate increase 

 in rail shipments of cattle eastward and gave rise to various slaught- 

 ering and shipping centers in the Middle West. 



KIG. 1. KOUTKS OK EARI Y Y SHIPMENTS OF CATTr y i<; 



