plain feeders averaging 880 pounds at the beginning of the feeding 

 period were carried for two months on a ration consisting entirely 

 of corn silage, followed with a grain ration toward the end of the 

 feeding period. In estimating profits, full market value has been 

 allowed for all feeds so as to cover the labor of feeding. No credit 

 is given for manure or for pork produced from the droppings of 

 the cattle. It is generally estimated that hogs following steers 

 will gain 2 pounds for each bushel of ear corn fed to cattle. If 

 this additional increase were allowed, the profit in Lot I would b.e 

 increased $47.84, and in Lot II, $26.80 over and above that indi^ 

 cated in the summary. A record of bedding used and manure pro- 

 duced in Lot I was kept, which shows that 25,6/5 pounds of saw- 

 dust and 2,762 pounds of straw were used for bedding. 



The manure weighed out amounted to 101,560 pounds. Al- 

 lowing $1.00 per ton for sawdust (the cost delivered at barn), $8.00 

 per ton for straw and $1.50 per ton for manure, there was an ad- 

 ditional profit of $31.24 to that made from direct feeding of steers 

 and production of pork from droppings in Lot I during the 126 

 days of feeding. This shows that in cattle feeding, the profits 

 secured from the by-products of feed lots may amount to more 

 than the direct financial gain on the cattle. The test shows con- 

 clusively that silage can be used as roughage even in the coldest- 

 of winters when fed in an open shed ; that there was a considerable 

 saving of corn by the exclusive use of silage during the first part 

 of the feeding period and that the value of feeds utilized in the 

 production of beef during the winter of 1911-12 was much greater 

 than their market value. The results of this and other tests at 

 The Pennsylvania State College and Experiment Station indicate 

 that beef can be finished profitably in the state, where due atten- 

 tion is paid to the growth of crops equally adaptable to the soil 

 and to feeding purposes. 





