494 



milk being entirely taken away at the end of three weeks. Three quarts 

 of skimmed milk were fed daily, in addition to the meal mixture, until 

 the ca'ves were four to rive weeks old, when both calves were placed 

 on a diet of the meal mixture alone. One pound of this meal was stirred 

 thoroughly into eight pounds of very hot water; this gruel was then 

 allowed to cool until milk- warm, in which condition it was fed. The 

 calves were taught to drink, instead of being fed with a calf feeder as 

 Hay ward recommended. Enough gruel to contain three-fourths pounds 

 of meal was fed at first, and the amount gradually increased, until at 

 the end of the experiment calf No. i was getting three pounds per day 

 and Calf Xo. 2, two pounds per day. 



Blatchford's Calf Meal is put out by the Barwell Mills, at Waukegan, 

 111., and is highly recommended by the manufacturers as a milk sub- 

 stitute. It is composed principally of linseed-meal, beans, carob-beans, 

 cottonseed-meal and fenugreek. It was bought by Lindsey at retail 

 at three and one-half cents per pound. 



This calf meal was tested by feeding it to one rugged grade Holstein 

 calf. The calf was first fed whole milk for a few days, changed then to a 

 mixture of \vhole and skimmed milk, and at the end of two or three 

 weeks the calf meal was gradually substituted. The calf at first objected 

 to the odor or taste of the meal, and never seemed thoroughly to relish 

 it, although no serious difficulty was experienced in inducing the calf 

 to take the gruel. One pound of the calf meal was stirred into six pounds 

 of hot water, the gruel was allowed to cool and the mixture was fed 

 milk- warm. When the calf w r as a little more than three months old, 

 he was receiving two and three-fourths pounds of the meal daily, and 

 continued to take this amount until the experiment ended when he 

 was approximately four and one-half months old. 



The animal grew well and suffered no serious digestive troubles, 

 lie made an average daily gain of 1.15 pounds during the last 42 days 

 of the trial, and when four and one-half months old weighed 251 pounds. 



Lindsey did not care to draw any definite conclusions from a single 

 trial with one calf, but thought Blatchford's meal hardly as satisfactory 

 as I lay ward's mixture. He thought it hardly possible to raise delicate 

 calves on the meal entirely. 



Ontario experiments. II. II. Dean* found that cocoa shell milk, 

 made by boiling one-fourth pound of cocoa shells (not cocoanut shells) 

 in two gallons of water, when fed one and one-half to two gallons 

 per day with bran and oats, green feed, etc., appeared to be a very 

 good substitute for skimmed milk and he thought it worthy of a trial by 



* Annual Report of Department of Agriculture of Ontario, 1903. Vol. i. 



