12 



ARMERS' BULLETIN 74:3. 



c;f bulkine.-s aids digestion. S< me of the common feeds are classified 

 as t<> bulk in Table 4 : 



PALATABILITY. 



Palatal tility is of great importance in successful feeding. The 



best results can not be obtained with any feed which is not well 



relished by the cow: consequently any unpalatable feed to be used 

 should be mixed with those that are appetizing. 



PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT. 



Iii making the grain mixture care should be exercised that too 

 large a quantity of either constipating or laxative feed is not in- 

 cluded. Cottonseed meal, for example, is decidedly constipating and 

 should be fed with laxative grains or succulence, such as silage or 

 roots. For ordinary feeding in most parts of the "Tinted States not 

 more than one-third of the grain should be cottonseed meal. In some 

 sections larger quantities have been fed, but this practice is not to be 

 recommended. On the other hand, linseed-oil meal, because of its 

 distinctly laxative action, should not be fed ordinarily in greater 

 quantities than 11 pounds a day. 



NUTRITIVE VALUE OF THE GRAINS AND CONCENTRATES. 



As a general rule, the energy or heat-producing material is found 

 chiefly in the stem and leaves of the plant and the protein is largely 

 in the seeds. The great exception is in the case of legumes, which 

 have larger percentages of protein throughout the plant and par- 

 ticularly in the leaves. Tt should be noted, therefore, that in supply- 

 ing grain we are chiefly concerned with the protein it contains. 



Two classes of feeds are used for making up the grain ration, 

 Lamely, grains and by-products of the manufacturing industries. 

 Tin- grains produced on the farm and commonly used for cattle feed- 

 nig arc corn. oats, barley, and rye. In many cases the demand for 

 these grains for other purposes has become so great that the dairy- 

 man can not aiford to use them; consequently, it has usually been 

 found more economical to use the by-products of the manufacturing 



