In b: bo cut 



-.9 to the ground I :' lo 



a f .. 1 ro. '_ap the trail, 



u_dth to which a trail ad out oil 



on t::e kind a . r,ht of tho brush. All 1 

 cut at lea: 1 . ^t. Ho brv 



seback as tho 'crush falls in the trail to '. -0 

 : . cv.t u- ' . in one 



ar ao alnoot i) 'possible to toll 



had over been any brushing none. I tools to uae 

 11 construction are the axe, - ttoo , ovel and 

 for brushir.r out, r. li^ht - axe io the boot. A 

 ~.h hook is c^od 'in very s-all brush and vineo. 

 and rrattock ohould bo ^eavy a. I -onr and shv : ; : . at 

 least 5 pounds each. In ^urcJ-anlnp mattocks get "-eld. 

 preference to punch eyed rr.attockp. :< of 

 ^ic'iu and r-attocks in trail construction should 

 diocorfased, as digging in hard ;ith a lif>* -.ttock 

 is like driving a > v/ith a tack ha- er - -ou Jo a lot 

 of -.-or-: ana recompile nothin' . 



Tho plow ohould be a 10-inch sidehill plov/ O o that 

 the -lo-.7int con be done do'Tn hill. On t^e JTa-- f klnn Greek 

 trail, J. E. i'atternon uned a -lo-.- and o;ie irulo, and In o; 

 count r" tJur-ee r en averaged 80 rode of two-foot trail 

 day along a stee^ side hill. 



A six-foot crosscut aar ID handy to havr- alor.f and 

 can bo ;-acl:ed by V-endin.c it over the top of thb p a ck 

 and tieirr the ends to th cinch ringo. Thin loo if 

 it ./ould bend the saw and injuro it, but v.-hn the er.do are 

 unfastened it will be as ntrnir-'ht aa it wao \T>) * on the 

 t. 



In rr.aking trails it is not neceecar:.' to do a great 

 deal of grading unless there is plenty of tim* and money for 

 it, unleos the slope is very oteep and rough. nec- 

 esnary to grade off the bad places oo that a saddle horse 

 can be rilden along the survey. On moat trails a-ong side- 

 hills I c^t the brush and logs out ant- if it teep 

 slo;-e I grade a trail 12 incheo '-vide and ir Lacea Just 

 nark the grad irlth a rattock -:o that it can be followed. 

 In >-oi:;r ovar t! P trail a ve.r afterwards it "ill be K 

 to tell whether it ra t ded or . .-s 

 ago t jelf 's'^rveyed a trail of lea and 

 brun'-.e-l it out. On about half of it w 11 the bad 

 gro >d off, t: -.'> other half - aa left x^ntouched except 

 t'-s ve cut out, but as it v;as an o rade and 

 cut off - alf the distance, rre travelled it the. following 

 seasc: .out d'. ing a -e -.vork on it. Vast spring 3! had 

 four days lone on thie trail and at t ^9ent time it 

 is -of tho graded trails, exr/ there ia nothing 



