INCREASED CATTLE PRODUCTION. 19 



These differences in intensity of utilization and condition of thestock, 

 together with the conservative estimates where actual measurement 

 or count was not possible, will more than account for the 15 per cent 

 difference in forage produced and number of stock actually grazed. 

 Considering that the problem was approached by two independent 

 lines of study, the result is thought to justify the tentative con- 

 clusions. 



SUMMER RANGE. 



The other types of range are so intermixed that on no large area of 

 any one has it yet been possible to obtain accurate figures of carrying 

 capacity. For the combination of types, however, making up what 

 may be considered the summer range, including the tobosa-grass and 

 burro-grass flats, and the black brush-creosote bush type extending 

 from the flats into the foothills, the figures for the area designated in 

 figure 2 as Pasture 13 are fairly representative. 



This pasture contains 9,517 acres, of which 8,912 is a combination 

 black brush-creosote bush type. It receives the surplus run-off from 

 an area twice to three times its size. There are many small flats 

 which flood and which have a high carrying capacity for summer 

 range. The general average, however, is greatly lowered by the dry 

 ridges and slopes which support little but creosote bush or black 

 brush of no value as forage. Black grama and other grasses among 

 the brush type furnish considerable feed on the drier parts of the 

 flats. 



During 1916 this pasture was grazed heavily in summer and lightly 

 in winter, and furnished, on an average, 365 days 7 feed for one animal 

 (cows, with unweaned calves, and bulls) on. 37.4 acres. The area is, 

 perhaps, a little better than the average for this class of range. Pas- 

 ture 1, containing 74,714 acres, furnished yearlong grazing during 

 1916 at the rate of 45.2 acres per head. It was estimated to be only 

 90 per cent stocked, which would give a carrying capacity, if fully 

 stocked, of 40.7 acres per head. The indications are that this class of 

 range as a whole will support one animal throughout the year on from 

 38 to 45 acres, according to the proportion of flats subject to flooding 

 and to the extent of the range similar to that shown in Plate \ r !II. 



MOUNTAIN RANGE. 



The lower hills and mountain range on the west slope of the San 

 Andreas Mountains in 1916 furnished 365 days' feed for one animal 

 (yearlings and horses) on each 53.33 acres. The area was regarded 

 as about 15 per cent overstocked, since the animals did not hold up 

 well, and "portions of the range near water were slightly overgrazed. 

 This area, therefore, will support only one head to each 60 acres until 

 more water is developed. There are a number of barren areas and 

 inaccessible spots. Three additional stock-watering tanks were con- 



