EUROPE: GERMANY. 95 



LIST OF PUBLICATIONS. 



La Papeterie (nineteenth year); Ch. Lhomme; 9 rue Lagrange, 

 Paris. 



Bulletin and Journal des Fabricants de Papier; 18 rue des Pyra- 

 mides, Paris. 



Journal des Papetiers and Imprimeurs; 20 rue Turgot, Paris. 



Moniteur de la Papeterie Franchise; Monsieur A. Person du 

 Bief ; 6 rue du Pont de Lodi, Paris. 



W. P. ATWELL, 



ROUP.AIX, December //, 1898. Commercial Agent. 



GERMANY. 



Among the industries of the Empire, paper making occupies a 

 very important position. As rags and paper-making materials began 

 to grow scarce in the years before 1846, F. G. Keller, a citizen of 

 Saxony, discovered a method of making paper from wood pulp. 

 In 1860, Alwin Rudel erected the first mill that put cellulose, or wood 

 pulp, on the world's market. 



FACTORIES AND WORKMEN. 



In 1882, Germany had 16,665 concerns engaged in the production 

 of paper. Of these, 15,814 were principally employed in this line, 

 and 851 used it as branches of other industries. The persons em- 

 ployed in that year in these concerns numbered 100,156. In 1895, 

 there were 18,709 concerns, 17,631 of which made paper, pasteboard, 

 etc., alone, and 1,078 made these products in connection with other 

 lines. The 18,709 concerns had 152,909 persons employed in the 

 manufacture of paper. This indicates an actual gain of 2,044 con- 

 cerns, or an increase of 12.2 per cent, and a gain of 52,723 laborers, 

 or 52.7 per cent. .These numbers include only those persons em- 

 ployed directly in the production of paper. Counting those indirectly 

 employed, the Empire has fully 200,000. Directly dependent on 

 the paper industry are 127,867 persons employed (in 1895) in the 

 polygraphic industries. 



There are 49,771 persons employed in bookbinding; 48,299 in 

 making paper and papier-mache. In the bookbinding line, the indi- 

 vidual industries are small, much of the work being done at home. 



