EUROPE: GERMANY. 119 



from Germany during the first two quarters of 1898 was 49,410,000 

 marks, against 46,600,000 marks for the corresponding quarters in 

 1897, an increase of 2,810,000 marks ($668,780). 



FREIGHT RATES. 



The following rates are by rail per 100 kilograms (220.46 pounds) 

 per 100 kilometers (62 miles): 



CLASS A. Pfennigs. Cents. 



Rags, wood for pulp, ground wood 34= 8 



Other fibers and waste materials 54=12. 8 



Wood pulp for paper making 44=10 



The above rates are for transportation by rail within the King- 

 dom of Saxony. As stated in report, the mills are not more than 25 

 kilometers (15.5 miles) from paper factories, so that the cost of 

 transportation of raw material is of very little influence. 



The transportation of the above materials by rail from Dresden to 

 Hamburg is as follows per 100 kilograms (distance, 456 kilometers^ 

 283 miles) : 



Marks. Cents. 



Rags i. 12 = 26. 6 



Mechanical wood pulp i. 12 = 26.6 



Wood pulp for paper making 1.72=41 



Waste (cotton, wool, etc.) 2. 17=51. 6 



Chemical wood pulp 2. 17=51. 6 



The transportation by water from Dresden to Hamburg is, per 

 100 kilograms: 



Pfennigs. Cents. 



Rags in bales 50=11. 9 



Wood flour, ground wood in bags 90=21 



Wood pulp, packed 60=14 



Waste materials (cotton and wool) 60=14 



CLASS B. 



The rates by rail for the products of paper mills as mentioned in 

 circular are 54 pfennigs (12.8 cents) per 100 kilograms (220.46 pounds) 

 per 100 kilometers (62 miles). A carload has usually 10,000 kilo- 

 grams (22,046 pounds), and paper is usually freighted per carload. 



The rate from Dresden to Hamburg is 2. 17 marks (51.6 cents) per 

 100 kilograms. 



Rates by water from Dresden to Hamburg per 100 kilograms are: 



Pfennigs. Cents. 



Printing, writing, and packing paper 60=14 



Pasteboard 60=14 



Colored and tissue paper 70=16.6 



Paper and articles of paper are usually shipped from Dresden to 

 Hamburg per water (River Elbe), and from Hamburg they go by 



