130 PAPER IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 



spite of the fact that the production is increasing more rapidly than 

 the consumption of paper, and that this increase, which has con- 

 tinued for a number of years, will probably be larger than usual this 

 year. It is undoubtedly true that the export trade is increasing, 

 and that in certain of the finer lines of paper, such as photographic, 

 writing paper, etc., it is on a most substantial basis; but the com- 

 petition in the world's markets is becoming more and more intense, 

 so that it is extremely likely that the manufacture of paper may be 

 overdone during the next few years in Germany. Such a state of 

 affairs might check production for a time, but would probably lead 

 to the formation of a syndicate similar to those that exist for many 

 of the staple products of this country. 



For a detailed description of the pulp in this district, I would 

 refer the reader to the special reports of November, 1898, and May, 

 1893, made by this office, which are printed in the Consular Reports.* 



MANUFACTURE OF PAPER MACHINERY. 



Paper-making machinery of all kinds is made in Germany, and 

 this kind of machinery is largely exported. Catalogues can gen- 

 erally be obtained containing minute descriptions and illustrations of 

 all machines sold ; sometimes even English catalogues are to be had. 



List of manufacturers of paper-making machinery: 



Ferdinand Flinsch Actien-Gesellschaft,Maschinenbau,Offenbach- 

 on-Main. 



Gebriider Hemmer Actien-Gesellschaft, Neidenfels bei Lam- 

 brecht Rhein-Pfalz. 



Gustav Joelle, Maschinenfabrik and Eisengiesserei, Nieder- 

 schlema, Sachsen. 



Maschinenfabrik zum Bruderhaus, Reutlingen, Wurttemberg. 



WAGES. 



Within this consular district labor generally brings in the paper 

 factories from 60 cents to $i a day, only the most expert workmen 

 earning $1.25. In some other parts of Germany, labor can be ob- 

 tained much cheaper, as, for instance, in Saxony, where it can be 

 obtained as low as 30 cents a day. One large paper manufacturer, 

 who has been some years in an American paper mill, made the state- 

 ment that, owing to the greater quickness and efficiency of American 

 workmen, he doubted if labor really came cheaper to the German 

 manufacturer. 



IMPORTS. 



The kinds of paper imported are: Tan paper, from Great Britain; 

 gray filter paper and pasteboard, from Austria; polishing, roofing, 

 and fly paper, from the United States ; packing paper, from Austria, 



*See Consular Reports No. 152 and part 2 of this volume ( u Uses of wood pulp in Europe"). 



