2l8 PAPER IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 



NETHERLANDS. 



POPULATION. 



The population, according to last census, was 5,000,000. The 

 percentage of illiterates is 5 per cent, according to latest educational 

 report. The people are readily educated, but are not inventive. 



CONSUMPTION. 



Paper is used for newspapers, books, lithographic purposes, com- 

 mercial packing, bags, and cardboard boxes. 



Butter making and weaving are the principal industries peculiar 

 to the country requiring paper. Paper used is of an inferior quality, 

 of wood pulp or clay; imitation parchment, grease proof. 



The post, royal, and foolscap varieties correspond to the universal 

 scale. Others are distinctly Dutch. 



The terms of sale are three months' credit, net; from 3^2 to 7 per 

 cent discount for cash. 



There are 5 waste-paper dealers; 24 wholesale paper merchants, 

 manufacturers, and dealers; 29 agents and makers of paper boxes 

 and bags; 4 wholesale dealers in packing paper; total, 62 in Am- 

 sterdam. Fifty smaller firms are scattered in northern Holland. The 

 principal ones are Van Gelder Sons, Amsterdam ; Royal Dutch Paper- 

 works, Maastricht. 



There are some 312 publications in Amsterdam and about 200 in 

 the remainder of the country. The number of printers is as follows: 



Amsterdam 119 



Arnhem and Apeldoorn 18 



Alkmaar 24 



Dordrecht and Deventer 32 



Gonda and Goes 15 



Groningen 25 



Haarlem 22 



Leemvarden 16 



Total 271 



The chief articles manufactured from paper, etc., are strawboards 

 and cheap printings. The consumption of paper is increasing. 



The nationalities dominating the paper trade are Germany, Bel- 

 gium, England, America, and France. 



PRODUCTION. 



There is no undeveloped water power. Railway communication 

 is poor. The navigable water ways are perfect. 



Raw pulp comes from Scandinavia; rags and straw, local; fibers, 

 from Dutch India. 



