278 PAPER IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 



Cardiff coal, delivered on shore, customs paid, can be obtained 

 for 255. ($6.07) per ton; native coal (good), for i6s. ($3.88) per ton;., 

 charcoal, 405. ($9.72); and wood (Turkish oak), 123. ($2.91) a ton. 



Wood, waste rags, and old paper are to be had in large quanti- 

 ties, old rags being largely exported. 



No paper-making machinery is made. 



There is only one paper mill and that, through want of capital, 

 was run for only a short time. There is, however, talk of buying 

 the plant and resuming the business. Steam power is used. 



Skilled labor is always to be had for 50 cents per day. 



IMPORTS. 



All kinds of paper are imported. 



Banking facilities exist between this country and those engaged 

 in the paper trade here. Telegraph lines are operated, and mail 

 takes from two to four days in transit. 



Estimates of the quantity and value of importations can be ob- 

 tained only at great expense and labor. Import duties are 8 per 

 cent ad valorem. 



Foreign countries have their agents and commercial travelers 

 here. 



The United States manufacturers should appoint agents and ob- 

 tain trial orders. They can certainly compete in news and some other 

 kinds of paper. 



CHAS. M. DICKINSON, 



CONSTANTINOPLE,. April 29, ipp. Consul- General. 



UNITED KINGDOM. 

 BRISTOL. 



The population of the consular district of Bristol, according to 

 the census of 1891, was 1,775,000; and there has since been only 

 a nominal increase. The percentage of illiterates is very small, 

 indeed. 



PRODUCTION. 



The manufacture of paper is a limited industry in this district. 

 It may be said generally, however, that England is a large and in- 

 creasing consumer of paper; that it manufactures and exports large 

 quantities; and that it draws its supplies from domestic production, 

 from the Continent, and from the United States. The paper-making 

 industry is one of the best organized and most up-to-date of the 

 many forms of English enterprise, with a great number of middle- 



