

SOUTH AMERICA : CHILE. 359 



LOCAL PRODUCTION. 



No paper is exported from here. The local mills produce only 

 wrapping and printing paper for newspapers; no writing or fine 

 paper. 



TRANSPORTATION. 



Transportation to Santos is by ocean lines under the British, 

 German, French, Italian / and Portuguese flags, in order of impor- 

 tance. The charge from New York is 30 cents per cubic foot plus 

 10 per cent: all inland shipping is by rail. From Santos to Sao 

 Paulo the rate is $2.27 per 1,000 kilograms (2,204.6 pounds). 



JULIAN HAUGWITZ, 

 SANTOS, December ji. 1898. Vice-Consul. 



CHILE. 



VALPARAISO. 



POPULATION. 



The census of Chile in 1885 gave the population at 2,712,145; in 

 1895, it was 3,049,352. In 1875, of those above five years of age, 

 i in 4.5 could read and i in 5.4 could write; in 1885, i in 2.6 could 

 read and i in 3.3 could write. The people easily adapt themselves 

 to mechanical labor. 



CONSUMPTION. 



Paper is used chiefly for printing, writing, and wrapping. The 

 same kinds are employed as are used in the United States and Europe. 



The ordinary white paper used in Chile for printing newspapers 

 must not be glazed or sized, to obtain liberation of duties. This 

 class enters in bales of the size required, chiefly of 30^ by 44 inches. 

 Quantities come in rolls protected by wooden battens, covered with 

 bagging and hooped with iron. Nearly all of this class of paper is 

 imported from Germany. 



There are no firms confining their business exclusively to paper, 

 but there are many agencies in all parts of the country. The paper 

 business appears to be in the hands of Germans almost entirely, 

 although many nationalities do a little business in this line. 



In December, 1897, there were published in Chile more than 200 

 dailies, periodicals, and reviews. In Valparaiso alone, there were 6 



