388 PAPER IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 



There are no facilities for making machinery. Repairs might be 

 made at Shanghai. 



The daily wages of men are 9 to 10 cents in gold. Women re- 

 ceive 5 to 7 cents for ten hours' work. Usually, it takes eight or 

 ten Chinese to do the work of one foreigner. 



BANKS, TELEGRAPHS, AND STEAMSHIPS. 



There are four foreign banks in Hankau, all having connections 

 in Europe and the United States. 



There are six mail lines connecting Shanghai with Europe and 

 America. The Peninsular and Oriental and Messageries Maritimes 

 maintain a fortnightly and the German Lloyd a monthly service 

 (which will soon be semimonthly) with Europe, while the Oriental and 

 Occidental and Pacific Mail and the Canadian Pacific connect with 

 America the former with a trimonthly and the latter with a monthly 

 service. Besides the above, there are several freight lines. Between 

 Hankau and Shanghai, there are six lines of steamers, giving daily 

 service, Sundays excepted. 



There are four telegraph and cable lines to Europe one via 

 Singapore and India, one to Japan and through Siberia, one via 

 Helampo, and the other via Kiachta, both of the last connecting 

 with the Russian land lines. Ample facilities are offered. 



FOREIGN PAPER. 



England, Germany, Russia, France, Norway, and Japan have 

 agents here working up markets for their goods. These countries 

 have firms located here in the import and export trade. All the 

 business with the United State is done by these establishments. 



The better qualities of unsized paper, if introduced, could no 

 doubt find a good market here. Pulp would be an experiment. As 

 a means for extending our trade, I would advise that the various 

 organizations that have been formed in large cities of the United 

 States be combined into a national organization. Permanent expo- 

 sitions should be opened in the larger cities of China and conducted 

 by men of experience. 



There are no exports, except to Hongkong, for Chinese consump- 

 tion. The first quality costs about $350 gold per ton; second qual- 

 ity, $80 per ton. 



FREIGHT RATES. 



Ordinary rates of freight may be calculated at about 4.8 cents 

 per ton for every 10 miles over 100 miles and 5 to 6 cents per ton 

 for less than 100 miles. Freight from Hankau to Europe on gen- 

 eral merchandise is about 353. ($8. 70) per ton of 40 cubic feet; to 

 New York via Suez, 275. ($6.56), and $10 gold overland via San 



