AFRICA : TUNIS. 435 



of lack of demand, the European population being much divided in 

 nationalities. There are 2 daily papers in Tunis one French (La 

 Depeche Tunisienne) and one Italian (L'Unione). 



WATER POWER. 



No water power has been developed. Tunis has always depended 

 for its fresh-water supply upon the numerous cisterns of its private 

 houses. These cisterns collect rain from the roofs and secure in 

 this way a quantity more than sufficient for the wants of the pop- 

 ulation. Fresh-water wells are also dug here and there, and two 

 immense reservoirs near the town are filled by a small torrent during 

 the winter. 



In 1869, Bey Ahmed Sadok Pacha, encouraged by the French 

 resident, Mr. Leon Roches, decided upon bringing to Tunis the 

 water of the celebrated spring of Mount Zawan, about 50 miles dis- 

 tant, which had been brought to Carthage by the Roman Emperor 

 Hadrian. This work was executed by a French company with entire 

 success; it added about 7,000 tuns daily to the town's supply. The 

 water is distributed between Tunis, Mohamedia, Bardo, Marsa, 

 Ariana, Goletta, and Carthage. The quantity of water available, 

 however, is still insufficient for industrial purposes. . About 20 miles 

 from Tunis is a large river, the Medjerdah, which runs to the sea 

 near the village of Porto-Farina, a short distance from Bizerta. The 

 Bona Railway line touches this river in two different places, at one 

 of which a water mill is located. The stream is 150 to 200 feet wide 

 at this place. 



FUEL. 



The different kinds of fuel used in Tunis are: 



(1) Charcoal, made by the natives for domestic uses; can not be 

 used for engines, as it costs 80 francs ($15.44) per ton. 



(2) English or French coal, costing 30 to 32 francs ($5.79 to 

 $6.18) per ton f. o. b. Tunis. 



(3) Brushwood is used by charcoal makers, lime burners, and 

 kiln burners. It is found in large quantities on the hills and plains. 



RAW MATERIALS. 



Raw materials which might be used are the following: 



(1) Rags of cotton, linen, wool, silk, etc. The Arab women 

 dress principally in cotton, linen, and silk; the men, in cotton, linen, 

 and wool. The total absence of any paper manufactory in the 

 whole of the regency of Tunis and in Tripoli would help in the col- 

 lection of very large quantities of these rags at a moderate price. 



(2) Esparto grass. This is found in the vicinity of Tunis; but 

 principally near Susa, Sfax, and even farther south. It is bought 



