IPS EMARGINATUS. LEG . 

 (The Large Engraver Beetle.) 

 Hosts - Sugar, yellow, lodgepols and Jeffrey pines. 



This engraver (which is sometimes primary in its 

 attacks) prefers thick bark. The egg galleries are clear, 

 that is, not filled with sawdust as in T>endroctonus, and the 

 adult beetle is often as long as D. valens, but cylindrical 

 and smaller roiind. The outer wings, or elytra, are generally 

 dark brov;n, and the front (head and thorax) black. This 

 beetle is nearly always associated with Dendroctomis, but can 

 easily be distinguished by the shape, absence of sawdust in 

 the gallery, size, and very long vertical egg galleries. 

 These galleries often fork juet above and below a small cham- 

 ber directly underneath the entrance hole. It breeds in many 

 fresh windfalls, as well as yellow, sugar, and Jeffrey pines 

 infested with other species of bark beetles. A snr.ll black 

 very active Rove Beetle belonging to the fauily Staphylinidae, 

 is very common in its galleries and is a distinguishing fea- 

 ture. Like all Ips it has spines on the posterior declivity 

 or posterior portion of the elytra or wing covers. The lar- 

 val galleries are produced at ri~ht angles to the egg gallery, 

 terminating in a pupal cell very similar to that of Dendr^c- 

 t onus mo nt i co 1 ae . 



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