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and body clothing. Wet swabs should then be placed on 

 the feet and a pail of gruel suspended from the manger. 

 Spasm of the diaphragm, if taken in time, is not gen- 

 erally fatal, and no man, however determined a Nimrod 

 he may be, is justified in proceeding after having recognized 

 so mysterious a warning. The sound before alluded to 

 must emphatically inform the rider that all is not right with 

 the animal on which he is seated. When spasm of the dia- 

 phragm terminates fatally, approaching dissolution is an- 

 nounced by easily recognized signs. The pulse cannot be 

 felt under the jaw ; the heart only flutters, instead of beat- 

 ing regularly ; the feet are icy cold, a yellow discharge 

 drains from the nostrils, breath becomes fetid, pupil of the 

 eye enlarges, the horse wanders round and round its box 

 and soon sinks and perishes. 



Typhoid Pneumonia. — This cause is mainly attributed 

 to those influences which interfere with the general health 

 and vigor of the animal — overcrowding, improper ventila- 

 tion, confinement in damp, filthy stables, drinking bad water 

 which holds in solution decomposing organic matter, in- 

 sufficient nourishment and undue exposure, together with 

 what may be termed general atmospheric cause. 



Symptoms. — The horse is off his feed, disinclination to 

 move, appetite gone, pulse weak and low, will sometimes 

 eat a little, but will not lie down, stands hanging his head, 

 is listless and stupid, not much cough, rarely any discolora- 

 tion of the membrane of the nose or eyes, urine scanty and 

 high colored, foeces hard and coated. After two or three 

 days the membranes of the nose and eyes become a little dis 

 colored or red, the pulse becomes quicker — sixty-five to 

 seventy, breathes quicker. About the fourth or fifth day 

 there is usually a discharge from the nostrils of brackish, 

 bran-colored cerum. 



Treatment. — As the word typhoid means low, it is 

 necessary to watch it carefully in that stage, which will last, 

 as described in " Symptoms," the first four or five days. In 

 many cases the pulse will run down to thirty. Stimulants 

 should be used at this stage, such as a little brandy and 

 water or whisky and water. A gill or two of the stimulant 

 should be given as a drench, or, what is better, take carbo- 



