66 SOILS FOR 



and the high parts of Germany ; and in all free 

 foils it grows apace, and becomes very valuable 

 timber. Until of late years, however, the Silver 

 fir has not generally been planted as a foreft tree, 

 but rather as an ornamental tree ; for which pur- 

 pofe indeed it is extremely well fitted. 



THE SPRUCE-FIR. 



The Spruce, like all other firs, will both grow 



and 



tember 1810, at the surface of the earth, 8 feet 4- inches ; at 

 four feet high, 7 feet 1 inch ; length of the stem to the fork, 

 41 feet ; total height, 80 feet. Several others in the same 

 place are nearly as large. One has a thicker but shorter 

 stem. 



In the Ray Wood at Castle-Howard, there is a Silver-fir, 

 in girth, at four feet high, 1 1 feet 6 inches, with a stem 80 

 feet high ; total height, by estimate, 100 feet. Some others 

 in the same wood are nearly as large. The Grand Silver-Jir 

 (as it is called) at Woburn, is in girth, at the same height, 

 9 feet 10 inches, with a stem of 75 feet ; total height, by 

 estimate, 110 feet. Both these trees were measured in sum- 

 mer 1810. These trees are evidently much older than 

 those at Panmure ; which seem equally vigorous and heal- 

 thy, though less drawn up by the proximity of other trees. 



At Newhall in Haddingtonshire, there stands a solitary 

 Silver- fir, in girth, at the surface of the earth, 9 feet 6 in- 

 ches, and at four feet high, 8 feet j stem, 4-0 feet ; and total 

 height, 60 feet. It grows in strong clay, and seems heal- 

 thy : but the leading shoot has been injured by the wind : 

 its top is now much divided, and it promises to grow little 

 more to the height. 



