28 



FAGACEAE 



apetalous flowers in stalked head-like axillary catkins; and 

 small 3-sided brown nuts solitary in bristly dehiscent husks. 

 1. Leaves rather blunt, minutely toothed. 2. 



Leaves sharply toothed. (American beech). F. grandifolia. 

 Leaves lobed. 5. 

 3. 



F. sylvatica pyramidalis. 



(European beech). 



2. Round-topped. 

 Pyramidal. 

 Weeping. 4. 



3. Leaves green. 

 Leaves yellow. 

 Leaves purple. 



4. Leaves purple. 

 Leaves green. 



5. Bark dark, rough. 

 Bark gray, smooth. 6. 



6. Leaves rather sinuate. 

 Leaves moderately incised. 

 Leaves very deeply incised. 



F. sylvatica. 

 F. sylvatica Zlatia. 

 F. sylvatica purpurea. 

 F. sylvatica purpurea pendula. 

 F. sylvatica pendula. 

 F. sylvatica quercoides. 



F. sylvatica quercifolia. 



F. sylvatica incisa. 



F. sylvatica heterophylla. 



CASTANEA, Chestnut. 



Deciduous shrubs or mostly trees with fissured gray bark; 

 rather soft brown wood with very large ducts crowded in the 

 spring growth and minute ducts in flame-shaped patterns in 

 the summer growth, and very fine medullary rays; moder- 

 ately stout usually fluted moderate twigs; angled homogeneous 

 pale pith; alternate moderate crescent-shaped somewhat raised 

 leaf-scars with a number of bundle-traces scattered or un- 

 equally clustered in 3 groups; unequal stipule-scars; ovoid 

 solitary sessile buds the terminal sometimes absent, with 

 about 2 exposed scales; simple rather large stalked sharply 

 serrate leaves; small monoecious apetalous flowers, the stam- 

 inate in catkins, and brown thin-shelled nuts, 1 or several in a 

 prickly dehiscent bur. 



1. Mature leaves essentially glabrous beneath. 2. 



Mature leaves pubescent beneath, or petioles pubescent. 4. 



2. Young leaves glabrate, acute at base. ( American). C.dentata. 

 Young leaves stellate-tomentose beneath. 3. 



