30 MORACEAE 



9. Round-topped. (English oak). Q. Robur. 



Columnar. Q. Robur fastigiata. 



10. Buds essentially glabrous. 11. 



Buds pubescent: lobes of leaves widened upwards. 13. 



11. Buds moderately large (often 4X7 mm.). 12. 



Buds small (scarcely 3X4 mm.). (Pin oak). Q. palustris. 



12. Lobes of leaves narrowed upward. (Red oak). Q. rubra. 

 Lobes of leaves widened upward, glossier. Q. coccinea. 



13. Buds large (5X10 mm.), angled, hairy. Q. velutina. 

 Buds 1 moderate (4X7 mm.), glabrate. Q. coccinea. 

 Buds small (3X5 mm.), glabrescent. Q. ellipsoidalis. 



Family MORACEAE. Mulberry Family. 

 A family of few genera and, except for the tropical figs, 

 few species, with milky juice: constituting the principal source 

 of India rubber and producing the edible mulberries and figs. 

 The Osage orange is extensively used for hedges and, like 

 fustic, is said to yield a valuable dye. 



MACLURA. Osage Orange. "Hedge." 



Deciduous milky-juiced small trees with rough-ridged 

 bark, that of the roots peeling in light orange flakes; hard 

 light brown wood with the vernal ducts larger and crowded 

 and those of summer in a wavy tangential pattern ; somewhat 

 raised half-round or 3-sided leaf-scars with bundle-traces aggre- 

 gated in a broken ellipse; no stipule scars; subglobose buds 

 with several exposed scales, usually producing a spine from 

 the axil of one; moderate petioled leaves often clustered on 

 short spurs; dioecious apetalous flowers in stalked catkins or 

 heads; and very large aggregate green fruit with fleshy s'epals 

 and seed-like akenes. (Toxylon). 

 Leaves lance-ovate: fruit 5-10 cm. M. pomifera. 



BBOUSSONETIA. Paper Mulberry. 



Deciduous trees with rather smooth mottled bark; milky 

 sap; yellowish white soft wood with numerous rather large 

 ducts in the spring growth and smaller diffused ones in the 



