86 AQUIFOLIACEAE 



obtusely triangular leaf-scars with a single simple or com- 

 pound bundle-trace; no stipule-scars; small solitary compressed- 

 ovoid sessile buds with about 2 scales; moderately small sub- 

 sessile entire nearly veinless leaves; rather small perfect 

 whitish polypetalous flowers in terminal- racemes; and small 

 rounded 3-winged dry fruit, 

 Leaves slightly revolute, more or less downy. C. monophylia. 



Family AQUIFOLIACEAE. Holly Family. 

 A rather small but widespread family, chiefly of deciduous 

 shrubs; the larger species yield a fine-grained wood, and many 

 are attractive through their persistent bright colored fruit. 



ILEX. Holly. 



Evergreen or deciduous shrubs or small trees with white 

 wood with minute diffused ducts and fine crowded medullary 

 rays; moderate or slender rather 3-sided twigs; somewhat an- 

 gular continuous pith; alternate somewhat raised crescent- 

 shaped leaf -scars with a sometimes broken bundle-trace; mi- 

 nute stipule-scars or persistent stipules; ovoid sessile buds with 

 about 3 exposed scales; simple petioled moderate or small 

 leaves; small more or less imperfect whitish polypetalous 

 flowers in the axils; and rather small few-seeded berry-like 

 drupes. 



1. Evergreen. 2. 

 Deciduous. 6. 



2. Leaves relatively large, pungently pointed or toothed. 4. 

 Leaves rather small, not pungent. 3. 



3. Fruit black: leaves dotted beneath. I. glabra. 

 Fruit red: leaves not dotted. I. vomitoria. 



4. Leaves very glossy. (European holly). I. Aquifolium. 

 Leaves dull. 5. 



5. Fruit red. (American holly). I. opaca. 

 Fruit yellow. I. opaca xanthocarpa. 



6. Leaves very small (2 cm.). (Japanese holly). I. crenata. 

 Leaves moderate. 7. 



