214 



PROPAGATION BY SEPARATION 



do so by bending, twisting, notching, or otherwise mutilat- 

 ing that portion of the stem from which the roots are to be 

 formed. In commercial practice, the grape, quince, cur- 

 rant, gooseberry, and some of our ornamental plants are 

 multiplied in this manner. There are several modes of 

 layering plants, which differ only in the way the operation 

 is performed. 



(i) Simple Layering consists in bending down a stem, 

 covering with soil the portion at which the roots are desired 



Fig. 118. Serpentine layering. 



and leaving the terminal portion uncovered. The buried 

 portion should contain a node as this is the point where 

 roots most readily form. 



(2) Tip Layering consists of bending the branch or cane 

 down to the ground and covering the tip with soil. The 

 cane or branch will throw out roots and develop a new 

 plant at the covered tip. The black raspberry propagates 

 naturally in this manner. 



