VARIETIES 335 



weak canes should be cut out completely, leaving as many 

 well-developed canes as the plant can properly maintain. 

 The lateral branches should be cut back to strong, mature 

 buds, the distance varying much with the variety and 

 maturity of the wood. This pruning thins the fruit, thus 

 permitting better development. 



Brambles usually bear a small crop the second year after 

 planting and a full crop after that time. 



Varieties. The blackberries and purple-cane rasp- 

 berries usually produce the heaviest crops. The purple- 

 cane raspberries are hybrids between the native red and 

 the native black raspberry, and are especially desirable for 

 canning. Their fruit is soft and of a rather dull color and 

 hence not popular as a general market sort. When canned, 

 however, the fruit assumes a very attractive color. The 

 most popular varieties of the purple-cane raspberries are 

 Shaffer and Columbian. Of the blackberries, the Snyder 

 is one of the most cosmopolitan varieties although of com- 

 paratively poor quality. The Early Wilson, Agawam, 

 Eldorado, and Taylor are other important varieties, while 

 of the black raspberries, the Plumb Farmer, Gregg, Cum- 

 berland, Kansas, and Ohio are the most popular. Cuth- 

 bert is the standard red raspberry and the Marlboro is also 

 an important red variety. 



Dewberries are seldom an important commercial fruit. 

 They ripen earlier than the blackberry. Although seldom 

 a very profitable crop, they are grown to obtain the early 

 market. They are cultivated the same as the blackberry, 

 but the vines are trained either to a wire trellis or to a 

 stake. The fruiting canes should be tied up each spring 

 and the new canes allowed to sprawl over the ground. The 

 Lucre tia and B artel are the most important varieties. 



