AND GENERAL HORTICULTURE. 



69 



CAM 



the beauty of the flowers. C. regalia has ellip- 

 tic leaves, with a satiny luster and a rich 

 bronzy-green color. This, with one or two 

 other species, has been introduced into the 

 green-house for the rare beauty of the foliage. 

 They were introduced in 1859, and are propa- 

 gated by cuttings. By some authors this 

 genus is placed under Hoffmannia. 



Camwood. See Baphia. 



Canada Balsam. Abies Balsamea. 



Canada Rice. Zizania aquatica. 



Canada Tea. Gaultheria procumbena. 



Canada Thistle, See Cirsium. 



Canary Bird Flower. See Tropceolum. 



Canary Grass. See Phalaris. 



Canava'lia. A genus of elegant twining plants 

 of the Nat. Ord. Leguminosce. 



The purple or white and red flowers are 

 produced in racemes from the axils of the tri- 

 foliate leaves. Well adapted for training up 

 the rafters of a stove or warm green-house. 



Cancer Root. A common name applied to the 

 genus Epiphegus, and also to Conopholis, 

 on account of their supposed medicinal vir- 

 tues. 



Cancer Root. One-Flowered. Aphyllon uni- 

 florum. 



Cancer- wort. Linaria spuria, and L. Elatine. 



Caudidus. A pure white ; but not so clear as 



snow-white. 

 Candle-berry Myrtle. Myrica cerifera, and M. 



Gale. 



Candle-berry Tree. Aleuritea triloba. 

 Candle Tree. Panama. See Parmentiera cerifera. 

 Candle Wood. Californian. Fouquiera splen- 



dens. 



Cando'llea. Named for A. De Candolle, of 

 Geneva, author of many botanical works. 

 Nat. Ord. Dilleniacece. 



A genus of very ornamental evergreen 

 shrubs, natives of Australia. C. tetrandra is a 

 very compact-growing and free-flowering plant 

 with yellow flowers, borne at the ends of the 

 branches. Introduced in 1842. It is a valu- 

 able addition to our fall and winter blooming 

 plants. Propagated by cuttings, or by seeds 

 when obtainable. 



Candy-tuft. See Iberis. 



Cane-brake. A common name for different 

 species of Arundinaria. 



Cane. Dumb. Dieffenbachia seguine, which see. 

 Chair-bottom. Various species of Calamus, 



which see. 



Malacca. Calamus scipionum. 

 Rattan. Calamus draco (C. Rotang). 

 Sugar. Saccharum qfficinarum. 

 Sugar, Chinese. Sorghum Saccharatum. 



Cane Stakes. The tree-like culms or stems of 

 two species of Arundinaria, found in swamps 

 and by the margins of rivers from Florida to 

 Indiana. They are much used, especially by 

 florists, for plant stakes, as they can be cut to 

 any desired length, and are ready for use at 

 once. Those from Indiana are considered the 

 best, as they are tougher and more durable. 



Canescens. More or less gray, verging on 

 white ; grayish-white ; hoary ; a term ap- 

 plied to hairy surfaces. 



CAN 



Canker. A rather indefinite term, used to denote 

 a disease resulting in the slow decay of trees 

 or other plants attacked by it. See 

 Carcinodes. 



Ca'nna. Indian Shot. The Celtic name for a 

 cane or reed. Nat. Ord. Scitaminece. 



This is an extensive and very interesting 

 genus of tender herbaceous perennials. Most 

 of the species have showy crimson, orange 

 and yellow flowers. They are usually grown 

 for the remarkable beauty of their foliage, 

 which is highly ornamental; hence they are 

 favorite plants in cultivation, and produce a 

 striking effect either singly, or grouped in beds 

 upon the lawn in the summer months. If 

 planted in a rich, deep soil, and freely watered, 

 some of them will grow ten feet during the 

 season, and from a single tuber make a clump 

 three or four feet in diameter. A new section, 

 introduced in 1884 by a Mr. Crozet of France, 

 has a dwarf bushy habit. The flowers are 

 produced in abundance from June to October 

 when they can be lifted and flowered during 

 winter in green-houses. This section comprises 

 many grand varieties, the flowers of many of 

 which are marked like orchids. Beauty is not 

 their only claim to consideration, some of the 

 species, as C. edulis, being grown extensively 

 in Peru and the Sandwich Islands as a vege- 

 table. Arrow-root is also made from this 

 species. Propagated by seeds or more com- 

 monly by division of tubers, which should be 

 kept during the winter like Dahlias. 



Ca'nnabis. Hemp. So called from ganeh, its 

 Arabic name, and from the Celtic appellation 

 can, reed, and ab, small. Nat. Ord. Urticacece. 

 Of the two species that compose this genus, 

 the truly important one is C. saliva, a native 

 of India, which furnishes the Hemp of com- 

 merce. The Hemp plant is an annual, growing 

 from four to eight feet high; in very hot 

 climates it frequently grows twenty feet high. 

 The flowers are of separate sexes on differ- 

 ent plants, the males being produced in 

 racemes, and generally crowded together 

 towards the top of the plant or end of the 

 branches; the females are in short spikes, 

 their calyx consisting merely of a 

 single sepal, rolled around the ovary, but 

 open on one side, and they have two hairy 

 stigmas. The fruit (commonly known as 

 "Hemp-seed") is a small, grayish-colored 

 smooth, shining nut, containing a single oily 

 seed. For the production of good fiber the 

 seed is sown close, so as to produce 

 straight stems without branches. The har- 

 vesting takes place at two periods ; the male 

 being pulled as soon as it has done flowering, 

 and the female not until the seeds are ripe. 

 After gathering it undergoes treatment sim- 

 ilar to that given flax to separate the fiber. In 

 Persia and other very hot countries the plant 

 furnishes a soft resin, which is collected by 

 the coolies, and is smoked like tobacco, or 

 pounded into pulp, so as to make a drink, 

 both being stimulant and intoxicating. The 

 Asiatics are passionately addicted to the use 

 of this means of intoxication, as the names 

 given to the Hemp show : "leaf of delusion," 

 " increaser of pleasure," etc. 



Canoe-Wood. The Tulip tree. Liriodendron 

 tulipifera. 



Canterbury Bells. See Campanula medium. 



