76 



HENDERSON'S HANDBOOK OF PLANTS 



CED 



Cedar-Apples. The Pennsylvanian name for 



the curious excrescences on Juniperus Virgini- 



anus, caused by a fungus. 

 Cedar of Lebanon. See Cedrus. 

 Cedre'lese. Formerly regarded as a distinct 



order, now included as a tribe of the Nat. 



Ord. MeliacecB. 



Cedrone'lla. Supposed to be derived from 

 kedron, the cedar, because of its fragrant 

 resinous scent. Nat. Ord. Labiatce. 



A small genus of sweet-scented perennial 

 herbs, rarely shrubs, with pale, purplish 

 flowers in spikes or terminal racemes ; 

 natives of North America and the Canary 

 Isles. C. cardata, a neat little alpine plant 

 with a leaf somewhat like the Ground Ivy, 

 and a lilac, slightly dotted, flower somewhat 

 like that of the Salvia, is very dwarf and 

 pretty, and will probably prove a desirable 

 plant for rockwork. 



Cedron Tree. See Simaba. 



Ce'drus. The Cedar. From Latin Cedrus, 

 Greek Kedros ; a name for a coniferous tree 

 in the time of Homer. Nat. Ord. Coniferce. 



This genus consists of a few species that 

 have been separated from Abies and Juniper- 

 us, their characteristics being their evergreen 

 leaves, disposed in bundles, or fasicles, and 

 their upright cones. The Cedar of Lebanon 

 is one of the most prominent species, so often 

 mentioned in Sacred History. It is one of the 

 most beautiful evergreen trees for lawn 

 decoration, though rarely met with. There 

 is a noble specimen on the grounds of "W. F. D. 

 Manice, at Queens, L. I. It is upwards of thirty 

 feet high, with a trunk four and a half feet in 

 circumference. There was a still larger speci- 

 men a few years since on the grounds of the 

 late Geo. C. Thorburn, at Astoria, L. I. 

 C. Deodara, the Deodar or Indian Cedar, is 

 of vigorous pyramidal form with light silvery 

 glaucous-green foliage, very graceful and 

 drooping. It is a most charming evergreen, 

 not entirely hardy, north of Philadelphia, but 

 one of the most beautiful ornamental trees in 

 the Southern States. 



Celandine. The popular name of the genus 

 Chelidonium, which see. 



Celastra'ceae. This natural order consists of 

 shrubs, or small trees, natives of the warmer 

 parts of Europe, Asia, and North America, 

 and far more abundant beyond the tropics 

 than within them. There are thirty-five 

 known genera, and over two hundred and 

 fifty species. Celastrus, Euonymus, and 

 Elceodendron, are examples of this order. 



Cela'strus. Staff Tree, Bitter Sweet. From 

 kelas, the latter season ; referring to the fruit 

 hanging on the trees all winter. Nat. Ord. 

 Celastracece. 



This genus, consists of trees, shrubs, and 

 climbers. One native species, C. scandens, 

 is a handsome twining shrub, remarkable for 

 its orange-colored capsules, and the scarlet 

 coating of the fruit. It is planted as an 

 ornamental climber, and is known by its pop- 

 ular name of Bitter Sweet. Propagated by 

 seeds and suckers. 



Celeriac or Turnip-Rooted Celery. Apium 

 graveolens var. rapaceum. A very distinct 

 variety of Celery, the peculiarity of which 

 consists in the root, which closely resembles 



CEL 



that of a turnip, and is the part eaten. It is 

 more hardy than the common Celery, and 

 can be preserved for use much later in the 

 spring. It is but little grown except in 

 France and Germany, where it is employed 

 as a vegetable and as a salad. It is usually 

 boiled until tender, and then slightly pickled 

 in vinegar. 



Ce'lery. Apium graveolens. Celery is a native 

 of England, and is found in its wild state in 

 marshy places and ditches near the coast. It 

 is a biennial. There are in its wild state two 

 kinds, the red and the white -stalked, of both 

 of which there are numerous garden varieties, 

 the cultivation of which is carried on to a very 

 great extent, both here and in Europe. As it is 

 a crop of vast importance we give in a con- 

 densed form such information regarding its 

 cultivation, as will enable anyone to succeed 

 in its cultivation. 



The seeds are sown on a well-pulverized, 

 rich border, in the open ground, as early in 

 the season as the ground can be worked. (For 

 instructions in sowing, see article headed 

 "Sowing and Planting, Use of the Feet in.") 

 The bed is kept clear of weeds until July, 

 when the plants are set out for the crop. 

 But as the seedling plants are rather trouble- 

 some to raise, when for private use only, and 

 as they can usually be purchased cheaper 

 than they can be raised on a small scale, it is 

 scarcely worth while to sow the seed. But 

 when wanted in quantity, the plants should al- 

 ways be raised by the grower, as Celery plants 

 are not only difficult to transplant, but are 

 usually too expensive to buy when the crop is 

 grown to sell. The European plan is, to make 

 a trench six or eight inches deep in which to 

 plant Celery ; but our violent rain storms 

 in summer soon showed us that this plan was 

 not a good one here, so we set about 

 planting on the level surface of the ground, 

 just as we do with all vegetables. Celery re- 

 quires an abundance of manure, which, as 

 usual with all other crops, must be well 

 mixed and incorporated with the soil before 

 the Celery is set out. When the ground is 

 well prepared, we stretch a line to the dis- 

 tance required, and beat it slightly with a 

 spade, so that it leaves a mark to show where 

 to place the plants. These are set out at 

 distances of six inches between the plants, and 

 usually four feet between the rows, when the 

 Celery is to bo " banked" up for early or fall 

 use ; but when grown for winter use, from 

 two to three feet between the rows is suffi- 

 cient. Great care must be taken, in putting 

 out the Celery to see that the plant is set just 

 to the depth of the roots ; if much deeper, the 

 " heart " might be too much covered up which 

 would impede the growth. It is also important 

 that the soil be well packed to the roots in 

 planting, and this we do by returning on each 

 row, after planting, and pressing the soil 

 against each plant firmly with the feet ; and if 

 the operation can be done in the evening, and 

 the plants copiously watered, no further at- 

 tention will be required. 



Planting may be done any time from the 

 15th of June to the first week in August. 

 After planting, nothing is to be done but keep 

 the crop clear of weeds until September ; by 

 that time the handling process is to be begun, 

 which consists in drawing the earth to each 



