AND GENERAL HORTICULTURE. 

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preparations, however, have generally to be 

 made to suit peculiar local requirements as to 

 their designs and location. 



Screw Pine. See Pandanus utilis. 



Screw Tree. A popular name for Helicleres 

 Isora, a native of India, Australia, etc., and 

 so called from the screw-shaped carpels. 



Scrobiculate. Pitted ; excavated into shallow 

 pits. 



Scrophula'ria. So named by Linnaeus, from its 

 supposed use in the cure of scrofula. Nat. 

 Ord. Scfophulariacece. 



A large genus of mostly hardy, annual, bi- 

 ennial or perennial plants, broadly dispersed 

 over the extra-tropical regions of the north- 

 ern hemisphere. None of the species are of 

 any horticultural interest. 



Scrophularia'ceae. A large, natural order of 

 herbs, or rarely shrubs, found in all climates, 

 but mostly in temperate regions. The order 

 is a most interesting and important one, con- 

 tributing as it does so many beautiful plants 

 to our gardens. Many of the genera are of 

 medicinal value, chief amongst which is the 

 Digitalis. According to Bentham and Hooker, 

 who have divided the order into twelve tribes 

 or sub-orders, it embraces one hundred and 

 fifty-seven genera, and nearly nineteen hun- 

 dred species. The following are well-known 

 examples : Antirrhinum, Digitalis, Mimulus, 

 Gerardia, Euphrasia, Calceolaria and Pentste- 

 mon. 



Scrotiform. Pouch-like. 



Scrub Oak. See Quercus. 



Scurfy Pea. The common name at the Cape 

 of Good Hope for the genus Psoralea. 



Scurvy Grass. The popular name for Coch- 

 learia qfficinalis. 



Scutate, Scutiform. Having the form of a 

 small round buckler. 



Scutch Grass. See Cynodon. 



Scutella'ria, Skull-cap. From scutella, a little 

 saucer; alluding to the form of the calyx. 

 Nat. Ord. LabiatcB. 



An extensive genus of herbaceous peren- 

 nials, many of which are indigenous to, and 

 common throughout the United States. A 

 few of the species are suitable for edgings to 

 flower-beds. The hardy kinds have their 

 flowers for the most part blue, and are quite 

 showy. Among the tender or green-house 

 species, S. Mocciana is bright scarlet and ex- 

 ceedingly handsome, though often affected 

 with rust. S. pulchella, another green-house 

 variety, is crimson. Propagated by cuttings. 



Scutelliform. Platter-shaped. 



Scutica'ria. From scutica, a whip ; leaves round 

 as a whipcord. Nat. Ord. Orchidacece. 



S. Steelii, one of the best known species of 

 this genus, is an epiphytal Orchid from Dem- 

 erara, with long, thong-like, pendulous leaves, 

 and large, solitary, dingy-yellow, purple-spot- 

 ted flowers which grow on very short stalks. 

 There are a few other species of the same 

 general character, but which are rarely culti- 

 vated. 



Scypha'nthus. Cup Flower. From scyphos, a 

 cup, and anthos, a flower ; in reference to the 

 shape of the flower. Nat. Ord. Loasaceee. 



A small genus of Chilian and Peruvian 

 plants, allied to Loasa, but entirely devoid of 



SEA 



the stinging properties of that genus. 8. vo- 

 Inbilis, introduced from Chili in 1824, but lost 

 to cultivation until its re-introduction in 1880, 

 has large cup-shaped flowers of a beautiful 

 lively yellow tint. It is a very free-growing, 

 annual climber, well adapted for covering 

 trellis work, screens, etc., having also the ad- 

 vantage of giving variety to those generally 

 grown. This plant is also known as Orammato- 

 carpus volubilis and 8. grandiftorus. 



Sea Bean. See Entada, and Ormosia. 



Sea Beet. A common name for Beta maritima. 



Sea Buckthorn. See Hippophce rhamnoides. 



Sea Cotton Weed. Diotis maritima. 



Sea Daffodil. See Pancratium. 



Sea Eryngo. See Eryngium maritimum. 



Seafo'rthia. Named after Francis Lord Seaforth, 

 a patron of botany. Nat. Ord. Palmacece. 



S. elegans, the only known species, is a na- 

 tive of Australia, and one of the most beauti- 

 ful of the Palm family. The plant attains a 

 height of thirty feet, with leaves from two to 

 ten feet in length. " The whole plant is per- 

 fectly smooth, leaves drooping and feather- 

 like, and is one of the finest subjects in culti- 

 vation for the conservatory, green-house, or 

 sub-tropical garden. It may be placed in the 

 open air from the first of June until the first 

 of October." It can be kept in the conserva- 

 tory or ordinary green-house during winter, 

 and is of rapid growth. Plants one year from 

 seed, when well grown, attain a height of three 

 feet, and are propagated by seeds only. Known 

 also as Ptychosperma Cunningfiamiana. Intro- 

 duced in 1822. 8. coronata, S. Kuhlli and 

 8. malaiana are garden names for Pinanga 

 coronata, P. Kuhlii and P. malaiana, respect- 

 ively. 



Sea Heath. See Frankenia. 



Sea Holly. See Eryngium. 



Sea Island Cotton. See Gossypiu/m. 



Sea-Kale. Crambe maritima. Sea-Kale is only 

 cultivated as yet in the United States by pri- 

 vate gentlemen employing gardeners, and is 

 very rarely seen in our markets. Still, there 

 is no reason why it may not be cultivated here 

 equally as well as in Europe, as it grows quite 

 as freely during our summer months here as 

 there ; and, being perfectly hardy, it can be 

 got into condition to blanch which is the 

 only way in which it is used the first season, 

 if the following plain directions are strictly 

 followed : Prepare the ground exactly as if 

 for a Cabbage or Cauliflower crop, for it is a 

 plant of the same family, and requires very 

 similar treatment. As early as the ground is 

 dry enough to work in spring, after having 

 well leveled and raked the soil, strike out 

 lines three feet apart, and of any length re- 

 quired, and at these lines draw shallow drills, 

 two or three inches deep. In these drills sow 

 the Sea-Kale seed about as thick as Turnip 

 seed ; say one ounce to every hundred and 

 fifty feet of drill. After sowing, and before 

 covering, tread the seed in the drill with the 

 foot, and then cover and level with the rake. 

 After the plants are up and show the rough 

 leaf, thin out to eight or nine inches apart, 

 and keep cultivating, so as to encourage the 

 best growth possible during the summer. The 

 plants will have completed their growth by 

 November, when the leaves will begin to 



