AND GENERAL HORTICULTURE. 



455 



TIC 



Tico'rea. The name of T. fcetida in Guiana. 

 Nat. Ord. Rutaceoe. 



A small genus of trees or shrubs, natives of 

 Brazil and Guiana. T. fatida and T. jasmini- 

 flora, both bearing white, rather showy flowers, 

 have been introduced, but are seldom found 

 in cultivation. 



Tigri'dia. Tiger flower. From tigris, a tiger, 

 and eidoa, like ; in reference to the spotted 

 flowers. Nat. Ord. Iridacece. 



A small genus of very beautiful Mexican 

 bulbs, introduced in 1796. The flowers are 

 indeed remarkable; and though they are of 

 very short duration, lasting only about half 

 the day, they are produced in such abundance 

 in succession as to make their culture desir- 

 able and interesting. One plant will continue 

 flowering for two or three months in succes- 

 sion, and during the whole of that time will 

 make a splendid display in the garden. Of 

 the several species or varieties introduced 

 into cultivation there are but two that succeed 

 really well, and they rarely, if ever, fail of 

 producing an abundance of flowers ; these are 

 T. conchiflora, with yellow flowers, and T. pav- 

 onia, with bright, dark orange-red flowers. 

 T. p. grandiflora, a variety of the preced- 

 ing, has larger flowers of the same color. 

 Each of these is spotted, characteristic of the 

 order. T. p. grandiflora alba has large flowers 

 of a pearl-white color, marked at the base of 

 each divison with large, reddish-brown or 

 chestnut-colored spots, on a yellow ground, 

 forming a fine contrast with the white petals. 

 They grow freely with ordinary garden cul- 

 ture, preferring a light, rich and moist soil, 

 and will not succeed in a very dry situation. 

 These bulbs flower during the rainy season in 

 Mexico, and they consequently require con- 

 siderable water when under cultivation. The 

 bulbs require to be taken up soon after the 

 first frost, tied up in bunches of convenient 

 size, without cutting off the stems, and hung 

 up in any dry room free from frost, where 

 they can remain until the time for re-planting. 

 A place must be selected where they cannot 

 be reached by mice, which are very destruc- 

 tive to the bulbs. 

 Tile-root. See Geissorhiza. 

 Ti'lia. Basswood, Linden. The old Latin name 

 used by Virgil and Pliny. In Dutch it is called 

 Linden, in Anglo-Saxon, Lind, and in English, 

 Lime Tree. Nat. Ord. Tiliacece. 



A genus of tall-growing, deciduous trees, 

 common throughout this country and Europe. 

 The European Linden. T. Europcea, has larger 

 leaves than our native species, and is the one 

 that is usually planted as an ornamental tree. 

 T. Americana grows to a great size in this 

 country, and furnishes a large amount of 

 lumber, used chiefly in cabinet work. It is 

 soft, of a reddish tinge, and unfit for work 

 requiring strength, or where it is exposed to 

 the weather. This is the species so exten- 

 sively used as a street tree at Washington, 

 D. 0., where it luxuriates. T. heterophylla 

 has larger leaves than the preceding ; they are 

 smooth and bright green above, and silvery 

 white underneath. It does not grow to so 

 great a size, but the lumber is far more valu- 

 able, being almost pure white, and works 

 more easily and smoother. The two species 

 are designated as Ked and White Basswood. 

 The inner bark of the Linden is popularly 



TIM 



known as Bass, and was formerly muoh used 

 for tying, but is now almost entirely super- 

 seded by Raffia, which see. 



Tilia'ceae. A natural order of trees *}r shrubs, 

 closely allied to Malvaceae, and Sterculiacece, 

 from which it is chiefly distinguished by the 

 stamens. The species are numerous, espe- 

 cially within the tropics, though found dis- 

 persed over both the northern and southern 

 temperate regions. Several of the species 

 furnish good cord. Jute is manufactured 

 from the bark of Corchorus capsularis, and the 

 Tilia Europoea, or Linden, furnishes the Rus- 

 sian or Archangel mats. 



Tilla'ndsia. Long Moss, Black Moss, Gray 

 Moss and Florida Moss. Named in honor of 

 Elias Tillands, Professor of Medicine at Abo, 

 Sweden. Nat. Ord. Bromeliacece. 



An interesting genus of epiphytal plants, 

 natives of the United States from the Caro- 

 linas and southward, the West Indies and 

 South America. They generally grow upon 

 trees in dense forests. "Some of these 

 plants serve as reservoirs for water, which 

 flows down the channeled leaves ; these are 

 dilated at the base, so as to form a bottle-like 

 cavity capable of holding a pint or more. 

 Travelers tap these vegetable pitchers for the 

 sake of the grateful fluid they contain. T. 

 utriculala, a native of Jamaica, and many 

 others, have this desirable property of stor- 

 ing up water. Dr. Gardner, in his ' Travels 

 in Brazil,' relates that a certain species of 

 Utricularia grows only in the water collected 

 in the bottom of the leaves of a large Tilland- 

 sia. The aquatic plant throws out runners, 

 which direct themselves to the nearest Til- 

 landsia, and there form new plants; and in 

 this .way no less than six Tillandsias may 

 sometimes be seen connected together." All 

 the species delight in abundant sunlight, a 

 high temperature, and plenty of water during 

 summer. In winter they should only get 

 enough water to keep the soil moist. They 

 are exceedingly beautiful when in flower, T. 

 carinata, T. Morreni, T. psittacina, T. splendens 

 and T. Lindeni being perhaps the most richly 

 colored of the genus. A number of species 

 belonging to Guzmannia, Allartia, Bonapartea, 

 Platystachya, Pitcairnia, Vriesia, etc., are now 

 included by Hooker and Bentham under this 

 genus, which contains over one hundred and 

 twenty species. Florida Moss is T. usneoides, 

 and grows as far north as the Dismal Swamp 

 in Virginia. It is collected in great quanti- 

 ties, steeped in water, or buried in the earth, 

 until the outer surface is rotted off, when it 

 leaves a dark, coarse, tough fibre, not unlike 

 horse-hair, which is used for stuffing cush- 

 ions, mattresses, and various forms of uphol- 

 stery. This moss, as gathered, is used to 

 ornament frames or rustic work in drawing- 

 rooms, and for these and other ornamental 

 purposes large quantities of it are sent annu- 

 ally to all our large cities. In moist rooms, 

 like a conservatory, it will grow very well 

 when thrown loosely over a frame, or sus- 

 pended in any other way. It is a singular 

 circumstance that two such widely different- 

 appearing plants as the " Florida Mo? s" and 

 the delicious Pineapple should belong to the 

 same natural order. 



Timothy. Herd's Grass, Phleum pratense, which 



