220 



THE GARDENS OF ITALY. 



Orazio Farnese with Diana, daughter of Henry II of France, is represented, and that of Ottavio 

 with a daughter of Charles V. All the characters in these and the other scenes are portraits, 

 and in stiff gowns of gold brocade, or brocaded doublets and thick hose and ruffs, we see 

 Catherine de Medici, Henry of Navarre, the Great Constable, the Dukes of Guise and 

 Nemours, Mme. de Montpensier and Mile, de Rohan. Alessandro and Orazio are seen 

 accompanying Charles V on a campaign against the Lutherans ; and in the bearers of the 

 canopy held over the Emperor's head we have portraits of the three brothers Zuccari. Paul III, 

 who took such care of his family, is shown appointing Pietro Farnese Commander of the Papal 

 Forces, and Orazio Governor of Rome. Ranuccio receives the Golden Rose from his uncle, 



and the Pope himself 

 is portrayed presiding at 

 the Council of Trent, 

 making peace between 

 Francis I and Charles V, 

 and giving the lucky hat 

 to four Cardinals, who 

 all afterwards became 

 Popes. In several of the 

 scenes, among all the 

 other portraits, we dis- 

 tinguish the pale, sensi- 

 tive face, with short 

 brown beard, of Cardinal 

 Alexander II, the builder 

 of the palace. 



In the Hall "del 

 Mappamondo," the azure 

 ceiling has all the con- 

 stellations, the twelve 

 signs of the Zodiac, 

 and set round in twelve 

 delicately moulded stucco 

 frames are the fables 

 relating to these signs. 

 On the walls are figures 

 symbolising Italy and 

 Rome as the ruler of 

 Christianity. Others 

 typify the tropics and 

 the four quarters of the 

 globe, while over doors 

 and windows are the 

 heroes of geographical 

 science Amerigo Ves- 

 pucci, Marco Polo, 

 Columbus and Cortes. 

 Besides these principal halls there are many smaller. The most attractive are four named 

 after the seasons, which show some of the best work of the Zuccari. The ceiling of the 

 " Spring " room is painted with a beautiful nude figure with worshippers at her feet. Above 

 her head the signs of the Zodiac are placed so as to be caught by the rising sun. Garlands and 

 sylvan scenes surround her personified figure. On the walls are the Rape of Europa, the 

 combat of Hercules and Antaeus, and the specially appropriate myth of Persephone wandering 

 with Demeter through the daffodil meadows of Enna. In the " Summer " room, which is 

 disposed so as to be as cool as possible during the sultry season, groups of agriculturists. 



233. CASCADE IN FRONT OF THE CASINO, CAPRAROLA. 



