&n Outline of tfje ^artren. 53 



period without leaving unsightly gaps of bare 

 ground. The necessity of placing plants intelli- 

 gently will thus be readily apparent the just 

 apportioning of spring, summer, and autumn 

 flowers with these several ends in view. Mod- 

 erate shade is of advantage to many flowers, but 

 this should never be obtained from trees planted 

 in the border itself. 



Plant permanently, mass boldly. Do not 

 confine yourself to a few kinds when there is 

 such a wealth to choose from plants for sun- 

 shine and plants for shade, plants for color and 

 plants for fragrance, plants for spring and plants 

 for autumn, plants for flower and plants for form. 

 Aim at individuality, to produce an ideal of your 

 own. Many half-hardy plants in the accepted 

 sense can be grown by simply protecting them 

 with leaves over winter. Plant for permanency 

 lilies, irises, roses, delphiniums, phloxes, spiraeas, 

 hemerocallis, narcissi, columbines, day lilies, her- 

 baceous paeonias, bell-flowers, anemones, fraxi- 

 nellas, perennial sunflowers, the great and less- 

 er poppies, centaureas the list is inexhaustible. 

 Avoid coarse, weedy subjects, unless in special 

 cases where habit may be compensated by bloom 

 or special adaptation to situation ; these are usu- 

 ally best placed by themselves in the distance or 

 the rear garden. Many an old-fashioned coun- 



