THE IRISH GAMK LAWS. 447 



VI. Penalty on aggressors for assaulting any one executing this act, 

 not exceeding 51., or in default imprisonment with hard labour for 

 three months. 



VII. Application of penalties. 



VIII. Justices to fix the time for payment of penalties. Imprisonment 

 for non-payment. 



IX. Form of conviction. 



X. Power to summon witnesses. Penalty for disobedience of sum- 

 mons, &c. 



XI. As to prosecutions for offences. 



XII. Prosecutor not required to prove a negative. 



XIII. Convictions to be returned to sessions, and kept as evidence. 



XIV. Appeal. 



XV. Convictions, &c. t not to "be quashed for want of form, or remov- 

 able by advocation, &c. 



XVI. This act not to preclude actions for trespass ; lut no double 

 proceedings shall be had for the same trespass. 



XVII. Venue. Notice of action. Tender of amends. 



XVIII. Limits of act, Scotland. 



THE IRISH GAME LAWS. 



These are in a still more unsettled state than the corre- 

 sponding laws in Scotland; and in this part of the United 

 Kingdom a certificate must be obtained for killing hares. The 

 Irish game laws are spread through a long list of statutes, 

 commencing with the reign of Richard II. Hence it is no 

 wonder that there is now an agitation for their consolidation 

 into one act, like 1st and 2nd William IV., c. 32. In 

 Ireland a certificate is useless, unless the shooter has freehold 

 or personal property of the specified amount. Without this, 

 even if he should rent an enormous tract of land, he cannot 

 kill a single head of game, nor has he the power of appointing 

 a gamekeeper to preserve it, and shoot for the use of the 

 house, unless he is lord of a manor and an esquire. 



The following are the variations in the law relating to the 

 game itself from that prevailing in England. Landrail and 

 quail are added to the English list of game. Woodcocks and 

 snipe require a licence. The season for shooting pheasants 

 commences on the 1st of September; grouse on the 20th 

 of August; and partridges, landrail, and quail on the 20th 

 of September, or nearly three weeks after peasants. Hares 

 cannot be sold between the first Monday in November and 

 the first Monday in every July; but they may be killed at 



