OF SHOEING. 43 



at the toe or elsewhere than is necessary for the 

 month's wear. 



45. In theory as much of the crust at the toe as of the de- 

 represents a month's growth is taken off, and then furn up 

 the shoe is made to fit the crust. In practice, 

 however, this is reversed. The shoe undergoes the 



wear, and is marked by it, and, therefore, practically, 

 the wear of the shoe must be our guide in making 

 the new shoe, and the crust must be lowered to fit 

 the shoe. No real difficulty ever exists in ascertain- 

 ing the degree of turn up in the new shoe, which is 

 required to give a natural tread, because the wear 

 on the old shoe affords the necessary indication. 

 When a farrier has shod a horse for two or three 

 months he ought to know the degree of turn up at 

 the toe which the particular horse will require. 



46. The weight of shoes of the form recom- Lightness 

 mended is materially less than that of the ordinary up shoes. 

 shoe. The thickness of the ordinary shoe is regu- 

 lated by the thickness required at the toe to stand 



the unnatural friction at that part. In tumed-up 

 shoes, the weight and wear being evenly distributed 

 over the whole surface, and no unnatural fiiction 

 taking place at any part, the substance may be 

 comparatively Hght. From nine to ten ounces is 

 quite sufficient for feet of the ordinary size. A 

 Ught shoe is in itself an advantage. Weight tells 



