ON SHOEING. 63 



Rising of the clenches is a sure sign of bad shoeing 

 in some respect or other, or of the shoes being worn 

 over the proper time. 



59. Shoes, if properly fitted, and if resting on ofremov- 



' r r J n ing shoes. 



a sound unrasped crust, should never require to 

 be removed during a month; but one or more of 

 the nails may, if faulty, require to be drawn and 

 renewed. 



60. We have dwelt thus long on nails and nailing import- 

 because the subject is really of importance, for the naijs and 

 best made and best fitted shoes will not stay on the 



best feet unless due attention is paid to it. Without 

 good nailing and good clenching all the labour is 

 thrown away. We have considered it advisable to 

 enter more fully into details because we advocate the 

 use of a smaller number of nails than usual ; and it 

 is obvious that, where few are used, the goodness 

 and right placing of each individual nail becomes of 

 greater importance. 



Before leaving this portion of the subject it may 

 be well to repeat that no trouble should be spared 

 to obtain nails of the very best quality. It is 

 scarcely possible to insist too strongly on this point. 



61. By fullering is meant a groove, extending of fullered 



shoes. 



round the web of the shoe. The advantages sup- 

 posed to be gained by it are, first, that the farrier is 



