288 A NATURALIST IN THE PACIFIC ch. xxiii 



whilst other species are confined to the group, present a later stage 

 in the plant-stocking. Their widely ranging species, which would 

 be dispersed either by frugivorous birds, as with Santalum and 

 Cyathodes, or in birds' plumage, as with Lysimachia, Carex, and 

 Deyeuxia, seem to indicate that the main lines of migration 

 for these genera have been from temperate Asia and from the 

 Australian and New Zealand region, the last by way of Eastern 

 Polynesia. 



(7) The latest stage of the Hawaiian mountain-flora is ex- 

 emplified by those genera that are only represented in the group 

 by a solitary widely-ranging species, such as Fragaria chilensis, 

 Nertera depressa, Drosera longifolia, and Luzula campestris. It is 

 our own age ; and birds are shown to be actual agents in the 

 dispersal of the two first-named species and to be probable agents 

 with the two other species. The two last-named species probably 

 reached Hawaii from one or other side of the North Pacific ; 

 whilst Fragaria chilensis doubtless hails from the adjacent part of 

 the American continent, and Nertera depressa from high southern 

 latitudes by way of Tahiti. 



